Art-gallery/Documentation/DB_structure.md

Art Gallery — database structure

PostgreSQL schema for the virtual gallery. Canonical DDL lives in db/schema.sql; server/migrate.js (npm run dev:migrate) applies that file plus idempotent incremental scripts in db/migrate-*.sql. This document describes the logical model.

Connection settings come from .env (dev) or infra/docker/.env.prod (prod scripts). See environments.md and setup.md.

One-time split (legacy Gallery → gallery_prod + gallery_dev)

Run db/split-dev-prod-pgadmin.sql in pgAdmin on the dev PC (postgres superuser). Alternative: npm run infra:db:split-dev-prod with PGUSER=postgres.

Overview

Item	Typical value
Engine	PostgreSQL 14+
Database (dev)	gallery_dev
Database (prod)	gallery_prod
Legacy name	Gallery (one-time split → prod + dev)
App user	gallery
Time fields	Integer years (negative = BCE)

Entity relationship

erDiagram
  historical_eras ||--o{ art_movements : contains
  art_movements ||--o{ artists : groups
  artists ||--o{ artist_periods : has
  artists ||--o{ paintings : created
  artist_periods ||--o{ paintings : groups
  paintings ||--o{ painting_influences : influenced_by
  paintings ||--o{ painting_influences : influences
  paintings ||--o{ painting_influence_sources : influenced_by
  artists ||--o{ painting_influence_sources : artist_source
  art_movements ||--o{ painting_influence_sources : movement_source

Tables

historical_eras

Broad chronological buckets (Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance, …).

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
name	VARCHAR(100)	Display label
start_year, end_year	INTEGER	Inclusive range
start_definite, end_definite	BOOLEAN	false → render as gradient edge on timeline
description	TEXT	Tooltip / sidebar copy
sort_order	INTEGER	Display order

art_movements

Finer-grained styles (Impressionism, Cubism, Suprematism, …).

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
name	VARCHAR(150)
start_year, end_year	INTEGER
start_definite, end_definite	BOOLEAN	Same visual semantics as eras
era_id	FK → historical_eras	Optional parent era
description	TEXT
color	VARCHAR(20)	Hex colour for movement stream in the flow diagram

artists

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
name	VARCHAR(200)
birth_year, death_year	INTEGER	Nullable; used for timeline portrait placement
movement_id	FK → art_movements	Primary movement
portrait_path	VARCHAR(500)	Relative to data/images/; nullable after debug Clear
bio_short, bio_full	TEXT	Wikipedia lead section (npm run dev:fetch-artist-bios)
wikipedia_title	VARCHAR(300)	Source page title
century	INTEGER	Rounded century bucket for seeding limits
checkup_checked	BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false	Portrait reviewed in debug workflow (gold border on bio when true)
checkup_fixed	BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false	Portrait replaced, cleared, or uploaded via debug
palette_metadata	JSONB	Enrichment from Inputs/PainterPalette.csv (npm run dev:import-painter-palette)

Applied by npm run dev:migrate:artist-checkup-flags (db/migrate-artist-checkup-flags.sql) and npm run dev:migrate:artist-palette (db/migrate-artist-palette.sql).

artist_periods

Phases within an artist’s career (e.g. “Blue Period”, “Roman Period”).

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
artist_id	FK → artists	ON DELETE CASCADE
name	VARCHAR(200)
start_year, end_year	INTEGER
description	TEXT
sort_order	INTEGER	Wall order in 3D gallery

paintings

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
artist_id	FK → artists	ON DELETE CASCADE
period_id	FK → artist_periods	Optional grouping
title	VARCHAR(300)
year, year_end	INTEGER	Creation date(s)
description	TEXT
image_path	VARCHAR(500)	Full-size local file; nullable after debug Clear
thumbnail_path	VARCHAR(500)	Smaller variant for lists / 3D; nullable after Clear
wikipedia_title	VARCHAR(300)	Used by image fetcher
sort_order	INTEGER
checkup_checked	BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false	Reviewed in image checkup workflow (UI label: Reviewed)
checkup_fixed	BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false	Image corrected, cleared, or uploaded via checkup / debug

When checkup_fixed is true, checkup_checked is set automatically and cannot be cleared until Fixed is off. A cleared painting (image_path and thumbnail_path both null, checkup_fixed true) is shown as an empty frame in detail view and is not refetched on demand.

Applied by npm run dev:migrate:checkup-flags (db/migrate-checkup-flags.sql).

painting_annotations

Short art-history notes shown on painting detail (PaintingAnnotations.tsx).

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
painting_id	FK → paintings	ON DELETE CASCADE
label	VARCHAR(80)	Optional short heading (e.g. figure name)
body	TEXT	Note text
category	VARCHAR(30)	Default subject; also technique, context, symbolism, etc.
pos_x, pos_y	NUMERIC(5,2)	Optional marker position on image (percent 0–100)
source_author	VARCHAR(200)	e.g. Gombrich, Met catalog
source	VARCHAR(500)	Citation label
source_url	VARCHAR(500)	Reference link
sort_order	INTEGER	Display order within the painting
confidence	VARCHAR(20)	Default curated; Wikipedia pass uses wikipedia

Applied by npm run dev:migrate:painting-annotations (db/migrate-painting-annotations.sql). Load data with npm run dev:update-painting-annotations (curated entries in scripts/painting-annotations-data.js; add --wikipedia for intro sentences from each work’s wikipedia_title).

tours / tour_stops

Curated guided tours. See tours.md.

tours

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
title	VARCHAR(200)
description	TEXT	Default ''
status	VARCHAR(20)	draft | published
cover_painting_id	FK → paintings	ON DELETE SET NULL
created_at / updated_at	TIMESTAMPTZ	updated_at via trigger

tour_stops

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
tour_id	FK → tours	ON DELETE CASCADE
painting_id	FK → paintings	ON DELETE CASCADE; UNIQUE with tour_id
sort_order	INTEGER	Visitor / editor order
body	TEXT	English tour notes for the stop (v1)

Applied by npm run dev:migrate (db/migrate-tours.sql).

painting_influences

Directed edges: this painting was influenced by that painting.

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
painting_id	FK → paintings	The work being explained
influenced_by_painting_id	FK → paintings	The earlier / source work
notes	TEXT	Curator summary
source	VARCHAR(500)	General attribution
aspects	TEXT	What was borrowed (composition, colour, …)
quote	TEXT	Short citation
source_author	VARCHAR(200)	e.g. Gombrich, Janson
source_url	VARCHAR(500)	Reference link

Unique constraint on (painting_id, influenced_by_painting_id).

Legacy mirror table. npm run dev:update-influences still inserts painting-to-painting rows here when curating data. The same edges are copied into painting_influence_sources. The REST API does not read this table for painting detail or hall navigation — use painting_influence_sources as the source of truth for display.

painting_influence_sources

Polymorphic influence links: this painting was influenced by a painting, artist, or movement.

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
painting_id	FK → paintings	The work being explained
source_type	VARCHAR(20)	painting, artist, or movement
source_painting_id	FK → paintings	When source_type = painting
source_artist_id	FK → artists	When source_type = artist
source_movement_id	FK → art_movements	When source_type = movement
period_note	VARCHAR(240)	Human-readable period label
period_start_year	INTEGER	Optional span start
period_end_year	INTEGER	Optional span end
notes	TEXT	Curator summary
source	VARCHAR(500)	General attribution
aspects	TEXT	What was borrowed
quote	TEXT	Short citation
source_author	VARCHAR(200)	e.g. Gombrich, Janson
source_url	VARCHAR(500)	Reference link
discovered_via	VARCHAR(120)	e.g. wikipedia, wikidata, web:metmuseum.org
confidence	VARCHAR(20)	curated (default) or discovered

Unique index on (painting_id, source_type, source_painting_id, source_artist_id, source_movement_id) with COALESCE for null FKs.

Canonical influence store. Used by all API influence queries: painting detail (influencedBy, influenced), has_influence_links, and artist hall navigation (predecessors / successors). Legacy painting_influences rows are backfilled here on migration; new curated painting edges are written to both tables by update-influences.

users

Curator accounts (named logins). Anonymous site visitors do not have rows here.

Column	Type	Notes
id	SERIAL PK
username	VARCHAR(64) UNIQUE	Login name
password_hash	VARCHAR(255)	bcrypt hash
created_at	TIMESTAMPTZ
last_login_at	TIMESTAMPTZ	Updated on successful login

First curator is bootstrapped on npm run dev:migrate when users is empty and CURATOR_USERNAME / CURATOR_PASSWORD are set in env.

curator_audit_log

Append-only log of curator debug mutations (fix/clear/upload/delete, checkup flag changes).

Column	Type	Notes
id	BIGSERIAL PK
user_id	FK → users	Who performed the action
action	VARCHAR(64)	e.g. painting.fix_image, artist.upload_portrait
resource_type	VARCHAR(32)	painting or artist
resource_id	INTEGER	Target row id
details	JSONB	Optional metadata (URL, mime type, flag values)
ip_address	VARCHAR(45)	Client IP (respects TRUST_PROXY)
created_at	TIMESTAMPTZ

Logged action values: painting.fix_image, painting.clear_image, painting.upload_image, painting.delete, painting.checkup_flags, artist.fix_portrait, artist.clear_portrait, artist.upload_portrait, artist.checkup_flags, translation.upsert, translation.publish, influence.create, influence.update, influence.delete, influence.import.

Example query in pgAdmin:

SELECT l.created_at, u.username, l.action, l.resource_type, l.resource_id, l.details
FROM curator_audit_log l
JOIN users u ON u.id = l.user_id
ORDER BY l.created_at DESC
LIMIT 50;

session

PostgreSQL session store for express-session (connect-pg-simple). Not application data.

Indexes

• artists(movement_id), artists(century)
• paintings(artist_id), paintings(period_id), paintings(checkup_checked), paintings(checkup_fixed)
• artists(checkup_checked), artists(checkup_fixed)
• art_movements(era_id), art_movements(start_year, end_year)
• painting_influences(painting_id), painting_influences(influenced_by_painting_id)
• painting_influence_sources(painting_id), painting_influence_sources(source_artist_id), painting_influence_sources(source_movement_id)

First-time setup

The gallery database user needs CREATE on schema public for migrations. If tables cannot be created, run db/setup-admin.sql as PostgreSQL superuser (or the grants below) before npm run dev:migrate:

GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO gallery;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO gallery;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public TO gallery;
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT ALL ON TABLES TO gallery;
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT ALL ON SEQUENCES TO gallery;

Then:

npm run dev:migrate
npm run dev:seed
npm run dev:fetch-artist-bios
npm run dev:expand-catalog

Data conventions

• Year zero is not used; BCE years are negative integers.
• Image paths are relative to IMAGE_DIR (default ./data/images), e.g. portraits/Claude_Monet.jpg, paintings/thumbs/Raphael_The_School_of_Athens_thumb.jpg.
• Seeding cap: curated ingest targets at most ~100 artists per century to keep the catalog manageable.
• Catalog expansion: scripts/famous-paintings-data.js plus npm run dev:expand-catalog raises thin artist catalogs to at least six notable paintings (MIN_PAINTINGS, default 6).
• Biographies: bio_short and bio_full are populated by npm run dev:fetch-artist-bios from English Wikipedia lead sections; wikipedia_title on the artist row is the source article.