Document Tree of Art layouts, colour helpers, deep-links, and caption i18n.

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

Documentation/basics.md

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Interactive virtual museum spanning art history: zoomable timeline with event gu
 
 The app is organised as a **drill-down hierarchy**:
 
-1. **Timeline** — historical eras (Ancient → Contemporary) with definite or fuzzy date boundaries; classic left→right or vertical bottom→up layout (header link).
+1. **Timeline** — historical eras (Ancient → Contemporary) with definite or fuzzy date boundaries; classic left→right, vertical bottom→up, or **tree** bottom→up layout (header links).
-2. **Movement flow** — art movements as SVG streams on the same year axis; documented predecessor→successor branches (classic); portrait thumbnails along each stream.
+2. **Movement flow** — art movements as SVG streams on the same year axis; documented predecessor→successor branches (classic); portrait thumbnails along each stream. The tree layout redraws the same lineage as a growing tree — see [movement-tree.md](movement-tree.md).
 3. **3D gallery** — one personal hall per artist, a **movement gallery** (click a movement name → artist filter → hall), or a **guided tour** hall (timeline → **Tours**): period-themed or tour wings of up to ~55 works, U-shaped hang (left → end wall → right).
 4. **Painting detail** — full work in the centre, *Influenced By* on the left, *Influenced* on the right (paintings, artists, or movements), optional **curator notes** and **art-history notes** with image markers, prev/next catalog browsing, optional fullscreen, link to artist biography.
 5. **Artist biography** — portrait, lifespan, movement, and Wikipedia-sourced intro text (`bio_short` / `bio_full`). With debug mode on, the same image-audit panel as painting detail (portrait search, **Checked** / **Fix it** / **More** / **Clear** / **Upload**).
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ Gallery/
 │   │   ├── components/PaintingDetail.tsx    # Detail view + debug panel
 │   │   ├── components/ArtistBio.tsx         # Biography + portrait debug panel
 │   │   ├── components/DebugSearchResultsModal.tsx  # “More” search picker (20 results)
-│   │   ├── components/Timeline.tsx          # Era bar, year ticks, event markers
 │   │   ├── components/Timeline.tsx            # Classic horizontal era bar
 │   │   ├── components/VerticalTimeline.tsx    # Bottom-up vertical era rail
 │   │   ├── components/MovementBands.tsx   # Movement flow (SVG streams + branches)
 │   │   ├── components/VerticalMovementBands.tsx  # Bottom-up movement streams
+│   │   ├── components/MovementTree.tsx       # Bottom-up movement tree (alternative start page)
 │   │   ├── components/TimelineEventGuides.tsx  # Event vertical guides into movement flow
 │   │   ├── components/CatalogSearchBar.tsx  # Timeline header catalog search
 │   │   ├── components/PaintingAnnotations.tsx  # Art-history notes on painting detail
@@ -60,13 +60,14 @@ Gallery/
 │   │   ├── pages/AuditPage.tsx              # Admin curator activity reports
 │   │   ├── components/ToursPopup.tsx        # Public published-tours modal
 │   │   ├── i18n/                            # react-i18next bootstrap
-│   │   └── locales/{en,ru}/                 # UI chrome strings
+│   │   ├── locales/{en,ru}/                 # UI chrome strings (incl. timeline layout + captions)
 │   │   ├── data/historical-events.ts     # Timeline event markers (UI)
 │   │   ├── data/movement-lineage.ts       # Curated movement predecessor links (UI)
 │   │   ├── utils/parquetFloorTexture.ts     # Procedural parquet floor
 │   │   ├── utils/debugMode.ts               # Debug mode + “Show more” localStorage prefs
-│   │   └── utils/timelineView.ts          # Shared zoom/pan math for timeline + movements
+│   │   ├── utils/timelineView.ts          # Shared zoom/pan math for timeline + movements
-│   └── dist/            # Production build (served by API when present)
+│   │   ├── utils/movementColor.ts         # Shared vivid/shade hex helpers for all movement charts
+│   │   └── utils/movementTree.ts          # View-independent Tree of Art layout engine│   └── dist/            # Production build (served by API when present)
 ├── scripts/             # Seed, bios, catalog expansion, image fetch, checkup tools
 │   ├── seed-wikipedia.js
 │   ├── seed-catalog-data.js
@@ -173,20 +174,25 @@ Implementation: `goToTimelineHome()` in `HomePage.tsx` — do not use the browse
 
 ## Timeline and movement flow
 
-The home page shows two linked views over the **same year window** (`viewStart` / `viewEnd` in `HomePage.tsx`). A header link switches between layouts:
+The home page shows linked era + movement views over the **same year window** (`viewStart` / `viewEnd` in `HomePage.tsx`). Header links switch among three layouts; the active layout is also deep-linked:
 
-| Layout | Era rail | Movement flow | Time direction |
+| Layout | Era rail | Movement flow | Time direction | URL |
-|--------|----------|---------------|----------------|
+|--------|----------|---------------|----------------|-----|
-| **Classic** (default) | `Timeline.tsx` (top bar) | `MovementBands.tsx` | Left → right |
+| **Classic** (default) | `Timeline.tsx` (top bar) | `MovementBands.tsx` | Left → right | omit or `?layout=classic` |
-| **Vertical** | `VerticalTimeline.tsx` (left rail) | `VerticalMovementBands.tsx` (streams + lineage branches; no portraits) | Bottom → top |
+| **Vertical** | `VerticalTimeline.tsx` (left rail) | `VerticalMovementBands.tsx` (streams + lineage; no portraits) | Bottom → top | `?layout=vertical` |
+| **Tree of art** | `VerticalTimeline.tsx` (left rail) | `MovementTree.tsx` (lineage as a growing tree; no portraits) | Bottom → top | `?layout=tree` |
+
+`HomePage` reads `?layout=` once on load and calls `history.replaceState` when the user switches. Classic clears the param so the default URL stays clean. Alias `horizontal` maps to classic.
 
 | View | Component | Purpose |
 |------|-----------|---------|
 | Era bar / rail | `Timeline.tsx` / `VerticalTimeline.tsx` | Historical eras, major event markers, click-to-zoom |
-| Movement flow | `MovementBands.tsx` / `VerticalMovementBands.tsx` | Streams per movement, artist portraits (classic also draws lineage branches) |
+| Movement flow | `MovementBands.tsx` / `VerticalMovementBands.tsx` / `MovementTree.tsx` | Streams or tree limbs per movement; classic also places artist portraits |
+| Stream colours | `utils/movementColor.ts` | Shared `vividMovementColor` / `shadeMovementColor` for all three charts |
 
-Both layouts share zoom/pan behaviour via `client/src/utils/timelineView.ts` (`zoomTimelineView`, `panTimelineView`, `chooseTimelineTickInterval`, `createViewChangeScheduler`). The home page uses a **fixed viewport** (`100vh`). Classic stacks timeline above movements; vertical places the year rail beside the flow (`home-timeline-stack-vertical`).
+Hint captions under each rail/chart (`captionClassicTimeline`, `captionClassicFlow`, `captionVerticalTimeline`, `captionVerticalFlow`, `captionTreeFlow`) live in `locales/{en,ru}/home.json` and follow the EN|RU toggle.
 
+All three layouts share zoom/pan behaviour via `client/src/utils/timelineView.ts` (`zoomTimelineView`, `panTimelineView`, `chooseTimelineTickInterval`, `createViewChangeScheduler`). The home page uses a **fixed viewport** (`100vh`). Classic stacks timeline above movements; vertical and tree place the year rail beside the flow (`home-timeline-stack-vertical`). The tree layout keeps its horizontal geometry fixed across zoom — rules in [movement-tree.md](movement-tree.md).
 ### Catalog search (timeline header)
 
 `CatalogSearchBar.tsx` calls `GET /api/search?q=…` (public, no login). The dropdown is stacked above the timeline (`z-index` on `.site-header`) so results are not hidden by movement bands.

Documentation/i18n-russian.md

@@ -25,6 +25,16 @@ Timeline header: **EN | RU** toggle (`LocaleSwitcher`).
 - Passes `?locale=ru` on catalog API requests
 - Refetches bootstrap catalog when locale changes
 
+Timeline **layout** chrome and chart hints are also localised in `home.json`:
+
+| Key | Where |
+|-----|--------|
+| `layoutHorizontal` / `layoutVertical` / `layoutTree` | Header layout switch |
+| `captionClassicTimeline` / `captionClassicFlow` | Classic era bar + movement streams |
+| `captionVerticalTimeline` / `captionVerticalFlow` | Vertical rail + streams |
+| `captionTreeFlow` | Tree of Art chart |
+
+Shareable layout URLs (`?layout=tree` etc.) are language-independent; captions follow the active locale.
 ---
 
 ## Setup (dev)

Documentation/movement-tree.md

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# Tree of Art — alternative start page
+
+An alternative landing layout for the timeline: the year axis runs **bottom → top**
+and the art movements are drawn as a **growing tree** instead of parallel streams.
+Reached from the **🌳 Tree of art** link at the top-left of every timeline page
+(`layoutTree`); the classic and vertical layouts stay untouched and are one click away.
+Shareable URL: `?layout=tree` (also `vertical` / omit or `classic` for the other layouts).
+
+| | Classic | Vertical | **Tree** |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Component | [`MovementBands`](../client/src/components/MovementBands.tsx) | [`VerticalMovementBands`](../client/src/components/VerticalMovementBands.tsx) | [`MovementTree`](../client/src/components/MovementTree.tsx) |
+| Time axis | left → right | bottom → top | bottom → top |
+| Layout | temporal lanes | centre-out lanes | spanning tree |
+| Recomputed on zoom | yes | yes | **no — structure is fixed** |
+| Artist portraits | yes | no | no |
+
+Both bottom-up layouts share the [`VerticalTimeline`](../client/src/components/VerticalTimeline.tsx)
+axis, so eras, event marks, zoom and pan behave identically across them.
+
+## Layout rules
+
+The geometry splits in two: [`utils/movementTree.ts`](../client/src/utils/movementTree.ts)
+decides the **shape of the tree** (horizontal, view-independent), and `MovementTree`
+maps that shape onto the **current year window** (vertical) each frame.
+
+### Structure — `buildMovementTree()`
+
+1. **Time grows upward.** Oldest movements at the bottom, newest at the crown.
+   Y is a plain `year → pixel` mapping; the layout engine never touches it.
+2. **One trunk, at the centre.** `MOVEMENT_LINEAGE` is a DAG, so it is reduced to a
+   spanning tree: each movement keeps its **most immediate predecessor** (the parent
+   with the latest start year that still precedes it) as its structural parent.
+   Ranking by start year first makes cycles impossible by construction.
+3. **Extra parents become grafts.** The predecessors that lost step 2 are still drawn —
+   as thin, low-opacity limbs behind the tree — so `Post-Impressionism → Cubism`
+   survives even though Cubism hangs structurally off Fauvism.
+4. **Children split the parent's slot.** Each node reserves a slot as wide as its whole
+   subtree (`max(own limb, Σ children)`); children are packed side by side and centred
+   on the parent. A single-child chain inherits the parent's x exactly — the trunk stays
+   straight until it forks, forks spread symmetrically, and later generations land
+   further from the centre.
+5. **Leonardo's rule for thickness.** A limb is as thick as the limbs it carries:
+   `base² = own² + Σ child.base²`. The trunk is the thickest thing on screen and every
+   branch tapers as it rises and sheds children. A movement's *own* thickness comes from
+   its `influence_link_count`.
+6. **Branches lean outward** across their own lifespan, by at most the slack left inside
+   their slot — organic, and collision-free by construction.
+7. **Unlinked movements are saplings.** A movement with no lineage edge is its own root;
+   extra roots are planted alternately right and left of the trunk, widest subtree first,
+   so the main trunk keeps x = 0 (canvas centre). Roots get a small root flare.
+
+Because the structure is built from the **whole catalogue**, zooming never reshuffles the
+tree — you keep your bearings, unlike the lane-packed layouts which re-pack on every view
+change.
+
+### Rendering — `MovementTree`
+
+8. **Spread follows zoom, not the canvas.** 90 % of the catalogue lives in the last 15 %
+   of the time axis, so a tree stretched to full width with all of history in view is one
+   long trunk under a flat bar. The whole-history view draws the tree at
+   `FULL_VIEW_WIDTH_SHARE` (52 %) of the available width, and each zoom step fans the
+   crown out (`(totalSpan / visibleSpan) ^ 0.45`, capped at `MAX_FIT_BOOST`). The chart
+   grows as you walk up it. Whatever is on screen is always clamped to fit the canvas.
+9. **Readability floors, never date changes.** A 30-year movement is ~8 px tall with 2 900
+   years in view. So a limb is drawn at least `MIN_LIMB_RISE_PX` long, a junction climbs at
+   least `MIN_JUNCTION_RISE_PX` before it spreads sideways, and **a limb is never thicker
+   than 55 % of its own length**. Positions still come from real years; only the drawn
+   length and thickness have a floor, and the junction slides down the parent limb (never
+   off it) to find its rise.
+10. **Ribbons, not strokes.** Limbs are filled ribbons sampled along a cubic and offset
+    along the curve *normal*, so a junction stays solid even when a zoomed-out view
+    squeezes it almost flat. Shading runs dark → colour → dark across each limb for a
+    rounded, woody read.
+11. **Greedy label declutter.** Every visible movement asks for a name; closest to the
+    trunk wins, and names that would collide with a placed one — or fall off the canvas —
+    stay hidden until you zoom in on them.
+12. **Hover lights the descent line.** Hovering a movement brightens its whole path back
+    to the root (grafts included) and dims the rest — the fastest way to read "where did
+    this come from".
+
+Clicking any limb or label opens the movement's artist picker and then its 3D movement
+gallery, exactly as the other two layouts do.
+
+## Colours and captions
+
+- Limb fill/shading uses [`utils/movementColor.ts`](../client/src/utils/movementColor.ts)
+  (`vividMovementColor`, `shadeMovementColor`) — the same helpers as the classic and
+  vertical charts. Malformed catalogue hex falls back to the input string; values longer
+  than six digits keep the first six (`#rrggbbaa` → `#rrggbb`).
+- The chart hint under the canvas is `captionTreeFlow` in
+  `locales/{en,ru}/home.json` (same pattern as the other layouts).
+
+## Tuning
+
+All constants sit at the top of the two files and are safe to tune:
+
+| Constant | File | Effect |
+|---|---|---|
+| `LEAF_SLOT_PX`, `LIMB_GAP_PX` | `movementTree.ts` | how far apart branches sit |
+| `MIN_LIMB_PX`, `MAX_OWN_LIMB_PX`, `MAX_TRUNK_PX` | `movementTree.ts` | thickness range |
+| `LEAN_SLACK`, `MAX_LEAN_PX` | `movementTree.ts` | how much limbs bend outward |
+| `FULL_VIEW_WIDTH_SHARE`, `ZOOM_SPREAD_EXPONENT`, `MAX_FIT_BOOST` | `MovementTree.tsx` | crown spread vs. zoom |
+| `MIN_LIMB_RISE_PX`, `MIN_JUNCTION_RISE_PX`, `MAX_THICKNESS_OF_LENGTH` | `MovementTree.tsx` | crown legibility at full zoom-out |
+
+New lineage edges only need adding to
+[`client/src/data/movement-lineage.ts`](../client/src/data/movement-lineage.ts) — the tree
+picks up parents, grafts, thickness and spacing from there automatically.

README.md

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 # Art Gallery
 
-Interactive virtual art gallery: zoomable historical timeline with era click-to-zoom, major event markers (vertical guides into the movement flow), branching art-movement streams (click a movement name to enter its **3D movement gallery** — photorealistic period interiors with painted walls, stone, and wood textures; chronological wings with up to ~55 works each, side-wall windows, wing navigator), one 3D hall per artist (parquet floor, movement-tinted walls, black/gold frames by review status, corridor layout for large catalogs, museum-style exit doors, golden influence lamps, canvas placeholders for missing works, influence-linked exits), painting detail with art-history annotations, prev/next catalog browsing and fullscreen lightbox, **curator-gated** debug-mode image audit on painting detail and artist bio (**Checked** / **Fix it** / **More** / **Clear** / **Upload**; painting detail also **Remove entry**), optional **Show more** auto-opens the search picker, Checkup page, preserved gallery camera on return, and Wikipedia-sourced artist biographies. Anonymous visitors browse freely; curators sign in via **Curator login** in the header.
+Interactive virtual art gallery: zoomable historical timeline (classic left→right, vertical, or **Tree of Art** lineage chart — shareable via `?layout=`) with era click-to-zoom, major event markers (vertical guides into the movement flow), branching art-movement streams (click a movement name to enter its **3D movement gallery** — photorealistic period interiors with painted walls, stone, and wood textures; chronological wings with up to ~55 works each, side-wall windows, wing navigator), one 3D hall per artist (parquet floor, movement-tinted walls, black/gold frames by review status, corridor layout for large catalogs, museum-style exit doors, golden influence lamps, canvas placeholders for missing works, influence-linked exits), painting detail with art-history annotations, prev/next catalog browsing and fullscreen lightbox, **curator-gated** debug-mode image audit on painting detail and artist bio (**Checked** / **Fix it** / **More** / **Clear** / **Upload**; painting detail also **Remove entry**), optional **Show more** auto-opens the search picker, Checkup page, preserved gallery camera on return, and Wikipedia-sourced artist biographies. Anonymous visitors browse freely; curators sign in via **Curator login** in the header.
 
 ## Documentation
 
 | Document | Purpose |
 |----------|---------|
 | [Documentation/basics.md](Documentation/basics.md) | Architecture, layout, user flow |
+| [Documentation/movement-tree.md](Documentation/movement-tree.md) | **Tree of Art** start page — tree layout rules |
 | [Documentation/FAC.md](Documentation/FAC.md) | **Command cheat sheet** — start/stop, import, deploy |
 | [Documentation/environments.md](Documentation/environments.md) | Dev/prod URLs, DB split, deploy, sync |
 | [Documentation/setup.md](Documentation/setup.md) | Install, env, npm scripts |

client/src/components/MovementBands.tsx

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import { useMemo, useRef, useCallback, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useState, memo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import type { ArtMovement, Artist } from '../types';
 import { portraitThumbUrl } from '../api/client';
 import { useQueuedImageSrc } from '../hooks/useQueuedImageSrc';
 import { MOVEMENT_LINEAGE } from '../data/movement-lineage';
 import { panTimelineView, zoomTimelineView } from '../utils/timelineView';
+import { parseHexColor, rgbToHsl, hslToHex, vividMovementColor } from '../utils/movementColor';
 import './MovementBands.css';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -244,74 +246,6 @@ function buildArtistPlacements(
   return placements;
 }
 
-function parseHexColor(hex: string): [number, number, number] {
-  const normalized = hex.replace('#', '');
-  const value =
-    normalized.length === 3
-      ? normalized
-          .split('')
-          .map((c) => c + c)
-          .join('')
-      : normalized.padStart(6, '0').slice(0, 6);
-  return [
-    parseInt(value.slice(0, 2), 16),
-    parseInt(value.slice(2, 4), 16),
-    parseInt(value.slice(4, 6), 16),
-  ];
-}
-
-function rgbToHsl(r: number, g: number, b: number): [number, number, number] {
-  const rn = r / 255;
-  const gn = g / 255;
-  const bn = b / 255;
-  const max = Math.max(rn, gn, bn);
-  const min = Math.min(rn, gn, bn);
-  const l = (max + min) / 2;
-  if (max === min) return [0, 0, l];
-  const d = max - min;
-  const s = l > 0.5 ? d / (2 - max - min) : d / (max + min);
-  let h = 0;
-  if (max === rn) h = ((gn - bn) / d + (gn < bn ? 6 : 0)) / 6;
-  else if (max === gn) h = ((bn - rn) / d + 2) / 6;
-  else h = ((rn - gn) / d + 4) / 6;
-  return [h * 360, s, l];
-}
-
-function hslToHex(h: number, s: number, l: number): string {
-  const c = (1 - Math.abs(2 * l - 1)) * s;
-  const x = c * (1 - Math.abs(((h / 60) % 2) - 1));
-  const m = l - c / 2;
-  let r = 0;
-  let g = 0;
-  let b = 0;
-  if (h < 60) [r, g, b] = [c, x, 0];
-  else if (h < 120) [r, g, b] = [x, c, 0];
-  else if (h < 180) [r, g, b] = [0, c, x];
-  else if (h < 240) [r, g, b] = [0, x, c];
-  else if (h < 300) [r, g, b] = [x, 0, c];
-  else [r, g, b] = [c, 0, x];
-  const toByte = (n: number) => Math.round((n + m) * 255).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
-  return `#${toByte(r)}${toByte(g)}${toByte(b)}`;
-}
-
-/** Boost saturation / mid lightness so streams read vividly on the dark flow canvas. */
-function vividMovementColor(hex: string): string {
-  try {
-    const [r, g, b] = parseHexColor(hex);
-    const [h, s, l] = rgbToHsl(r, g, b);
-    const s2 = s < 0.1 ? Math.min(0.55, s + 0.42) : Math.min(1, s * 1.65 + 0.08);
-    const l2 =
-      l < 0.22
-        ? 0.5
-        : l > 0.78
-          ? 0.62
-          : Math.min(0.68, Math.max(0.4, l * 0.75 + 0.28));
-    return hslToHex(h, s2, l2);
-  } catch {
-    return hex;
-  }
-}
-
 function artistLifespanColor(baseColor: string, laneIndex: number, laneCount: number): string {
   if (laneCount <= 1) return baseColor;
   try {
@@ -1762,6 +1696,7 @@ export default function MovementBands({
   onArtistHover,
   onPortraitsLoadingChange,
 }: Props) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('home');
   const canvasRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const pendingPortraitsRef = useRef(0);
   const [portraitsLoading, setPortraitsLoading] = useState(false);
@@ -2260,7 +2195,7 @@ export default function MovementBands({
   return (
     <div className="movements-flow">
       <p className="movements-flow-caption">
-        Scroll to zoom · drag to pan · each movement stream is a solid colour band through history
+        {t('captionClassicFlow')}
       </p>
 
       <div

client/src/components/MovementTree.css

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+.mtree {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-height: 0;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  padding: 8px 12px 12px;
+}
+
+.mtree-caption {
+  margin: 0 0 8px;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-style: italic;
+  color: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.65);
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.mtree-empty {
+  flex: 1;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  padding: 48px;
+  text-align: center;
+  color: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.6);
+  font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
+}
+
+.mtree-canvas {
+  position: relative;
+  flex: 1;
+  min-height: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  background:
+    radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 45% at 50% 100%, rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.1), transparent 72%),
+    radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 60% at 50% 0%, rgba(120, 150, 190, 0.08), transparent 70%),
+    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.12);
+  overflow: hidden;
+  cursor: grab;
+  touch-action: none;
+}
+
+.mtree-canvas.mtree-panning {
+  cursor: grabbing;
+}
+
+.mtree-svg {
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 100%;
+  z-index: 1;
+}
+
+.mtree-limb {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  opacity: 0.9;
+  transition: opacity 0.18s ease, filter 0.18s ease;
+}
+
+.mtree-limb-lit {
+  opacity: 1;
+  filter: brightness(1.22) drop-shadow(0 0 6px rgba(255, 226, 170, 0.35));
+}
+
+.mtree-limb-dim {
+  opacity: 0.34;
+}
+
+.mtree-root {
+  opacity: 0.72;
+}
+
+.mtree-graft {
+  opacity: 0.3;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  transition: opacity 0.18s ease;
+}
+
+.mtree-graft-lit {
+  opacity: 0.85;
+}
+
+.mtree-label {
+  position: absolute;
+  z-index: 4;
+  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 2px 8px;
+  border: none;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: rgba(12, 12, 22, 0.74);
+  color: rgba(245, 230, 200, 0.95);
+  font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  pointer-events: auto;
+  transition: opacity 0.18s ease;
+}
+
+.mtree-label:hover {
+  background: rgba(30, 28, 40, 0.92);
+  color: #fff6e0;
+}
+
+.mtree-label-dim {
+  opacity: 0.35;
+}
+
+.mtree-out-of-range {
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 0;
+  z-index: 5;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  text-align: center;
+  color: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.7);
+  font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
+}

client/src/components/MovementTree.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,645 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import type { ArtMovement } from '../types';
+import {
+  branchOriginYear,
+  buildMovementTree,
+  limbXAtYear,
+  type MovementTreeNode,
+} from '../utils/movementTree';
+import { shadeMovementColor, vividMovementColor } from '../utils/movementColor';
+import { panTimelineView, zoomTimelineView } from '../utils/timelineView';
+import './MovementTree.css';
+
+interface Props {
+  movements: ArtMovement[];
+  viewStart: number;
+  viewEnd: number;
+  absoluteMin: number;
+  absoluteMax: number;
+  onViewChange: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+  onMovementClick?: (movementId: number) => void;
+}
+
+interface Pt {
+  x: number;
+  y: number;
+}
+
+const SIDE_PAD = 56;
+/**
+ * Horizontal spread is tied to the zoom, not to the canvas.
+ *
+ * 90 % of the catalogue lives in the last 15 % of the time axis, so a tree
+ * stretched to full width with all of history in view is one long trunk under a
+ * flat bar. Instead the whole-history view draws a narrow tree, and every zoom
+ * step fans the crown out — the chart grows as you walk up it.
+ */
+const FULL_VIEW_WIDTH_SHARE = 0.52;
+const ZOOM_SPREAD_EXPONENT = 0.45;
+/** How far past "everything fits" the tree may be blown up when zoomed in. */
+const MAX_FIT_BOOST = 2.4;
+/** Exponential chase rate (1/s) for the horizontal fit, so zoom reads as growth. */
+const FIT_ANIM_RATE = 9;
+const RIBBON_SAMPLES = 18;
+/** Vertical room a label needs. */
+const MIN_LABEL_HEIGHT_PX = 20;
+/**
+ * Readability floors. A 30-year movement is 8 px tall when the whole of
+ * history is on screen; without these the modern crown fuses into one bar.
+ */
+const MIN_LIMB_RISE_PX = 30;
+const MIN_JUNCTION_RISE_PX = 38;
+/** A limb is never drawn thicker than this share of its own length. */
+const MAX_THICKNESS_OF_LENGTH = 0.55;
+
+function cubicAt(p0: Pt, c1: Pt, c2: Pt, p3: Pt, t: number): Pt {
+  const u = 1 - t;
+  const a = u * u * u;
+  const b = 3 * u * u * t;
+  const c = 3 * u * t * t;
+  const d = t * t * t;
+  return {
+    x: a * p0.x + b * c1.x + c * c2.x + d * p3.x,
+    y: a * p0.y + b * c1.y + c * c2.y + d * p3.y,
+  };
+}
+
+function cubicTangent(p0: Pt, c1: Pt, c2: Pt, p3: Pt, t: number): Pt {
+  const u = 1 - t;
+  const a = 3 * u * u;
+  const b = 6 * u * t;
+  const c = 3 * t * t;
+  return {
+    x: a * (c1.x - p0.x) + b * (c2.x - c1.x) + c * (p3.x - c2.x),
+    y: a * (c1.y - p0.y) + b * (c2.y - c1.y) + c * (p3.y - c2.y),
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Filled ribbon of varying width along a cubic. Offsetting along the curve
+ * normal (rather than horizontally) keeps branch junctions solid even when a
+ * zoomed-out view squeezes them almost flat.
+ */
+function ribbonPath(p0: Pt, c1: Pt, c2: Pt, p3: Pt, w0: number, w1: number): string {
+  const left: Pt[] = [];
+  const right: Pt[] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i <= RIBBON_SAMPLES; i++) {
+    const t = i / RIBBON_SAMPLES;
+    const p = cubicAt(p0, c1, c2, p3, t);
+    const d = cubicTangent(p0, c1, c2, p3, t);
+    const len = Math.hypot(d.x, d.y) || 1;
+    const nx = -d.y / len;
+    const ny = d.x / len;
+    const half = (w0 + (w1 - w0) * t) / 2;
+    left.push({ x: p.x + nx * half, y: p.y + ny * half });
+    right.push({ x: p.x - nx * half, y: p.y - ny * half });
+  }
+  const fmt = (pt: Pt) => `${pt.x.toFixed(2)} ${pt.y.toFixed(2)}`;
+  const forward = left.map((pt, i) => `${i === 0 ? 'M' : 'L'} ${fmt(pt)}`).join(' ');
+  const back = right
+    .slice()
+    .reverse()
+    .map((pt) => `L ${fmt(pt)}`)
+    .join(' ');
+  return `${forward} ${back} Z`;
+}
+
+interface LimbShape {
+  id: number;
+  name: string;
+  color: string;
+  shade: string;
+  /** Trunk / limb body. */
+  d: string;
+  /** Junction ribbon growing out of the structural parent (may be empty). */
+  junction: string;
+  /** Rounded tip cap. */
+  tip: Pt & { r: number };
+  /** Root flare under a tree root, drawn only when the base is on screen. */
+  roots: string[];
+  labelX: number;
+  labelY: number;
+  labelVisible: boolean;
+  yearRange: string;
+  depth: number;
+  inView: boolean;
+}
+
+interface GraftShape {
+  key: string;
+  d: string;
+  color: string;
+  fromId: number;
+  toId: number;
+}
+
+function formatYear(year: number): string {
+  return year < 0 ? `${Math.abs(year)} BCE` : `${year}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Greedy declutter: closer to the trunk wins. Every visible movement asks for a
+ * name, and the ones that would collide with an already-placed name — or fall
+ * off the canvas — stay anonymous until you zoom in on them.
+ */
+function hideOverlappingLabels(limbs: LimbShape[], width: number, height: number): void {
+  const placed: { x0: number; y0: number; x1: number; y1: number }[] = [];
+  const candidates = limbs
+    .map((limb, index) => ({ limb, index }))
+    .filter(({ limb }) => limb.labelVisible)
+    .sort((a, b) => a.limb.depth - b.limb.depth || b.limb.labelY - a.limb.labelY);
+
+  for (const { limb } of candidates) {
+    const halfW = (limb.name.length * 6.6 + 16) / 2;
+    const halfH = MIN_LABEL_HEIGHT_PX / 2;
+    const box = {
+      x0: limb.labelX - halfW,
+      y0: limb.labelY - halfH,
+      x1: limb.labelX + halfW,
+      y1: limb.labelY + halfH,
+    };
+    const offCanvas = box.x0 < 2 || box.x1 > width - 2 || box.y0 < 2 || box.y1 > height - 2;
+    const collides = placed.some(
+      (p) => box.x0 < p.x1 && box.x1 > p.x0 && box.y0 < p.y1 && box.y1 > p.y0
+    );
+    if (offCanvas || collides) {
+      limb.labelVisible = false;
+      continue;
+    }
+    placed.push(box);
+  }
+}
+
+export default function MovementTree({
+  movements,
+  viewStart,
+  viewEnd,
+  absoluteMin,
+  absoluteMax,
+  onViewChange,
+  onMovementClick,
+}: Props) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('home');
+  const canvasRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const [canvas, setCanvas] = useState({ w: 900, h: 600 });
+  const [panning, setPanning] = useState(false);
+  const [hoveredId, setHoveredId] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [fitScale, setFitScale] = useState(1);
+  const panStart = useRef({ y: 0, viewStart: 0, viewEnd: 0 });
+  const viewRef = useRef({ viewStart, viewEnd });
+  const onViewChangeRef = useRef(onViewChange);
+  const fitRef = useRef(1);
+  const fitReadyRef = useRef(false);
+  const fitTargetRef = useRef(1);
+  const fitRafRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  const fitLastTsRef = useRef(0);
+  viewRef.current = { viewStart, viewEnd };
+  onViewChangeRef.current = onViewChange;
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const el = canvasRef.current;
+    if (!el) return;
+    const measure = () => {
+      const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+      if (rect.width > 0 && rect.height > 0) {
+        setCanvas({ w: Math.round(rect.width), h: Math.round(rect.height) });
+      }
+    };
+    measure();
+    const ro = new ResizeObserver(measure);
+    ro.observe(el);
+    return () => ro.disconnect();
+  }, []);
+
+  // Structure is catalogue-wide and view-independent: zooming must not reshape
+  // the tree, only travel along it.
+  const tree = useMemo(() => buildMovementTree(movements), [movements]);
+
+  const visibleIds = useMemo(() => {
+    const ids = new Set<number>();
+    for (const node of tree.nodes.values()) {
+      const { start_year: s, end_year: e } = node.movement;
+      if (e > viewStart && s < viewEnd) ids.add(node.movement.id);
+    }
+    return ids;
+  }, [tree, viewStart, viewEnd]);
+
+  const targetScale = useMemo(() => {
+    const usable = Math.max(240, canvas.w - SIDE_PAD * 2);
+    const fitAll = usable / (2 * Math.max(1, tree.halfSpan));
+    const visibleSpan = Math.max(1, viewEnd - viewStart);
+    const totalSpan = Math.max(visibleSpan, absoluteMax - absoluteMin);
+    const zoomSpread = Math.pow(totalSpan / visibleSpan, ZOOM_SPREAD_EXPONENT);
+    const spread = Math.min(
+      MAX_FIT_BOOST,
+      Math.max(FULL_VIEW_WIDTH_SHARE, FULL_VIEW_WIDTH_SHARE * zoomSpread)
+    );
+
+    let visibleHalfSpan = 0;
+    for (const id of visibleIds) {
+      const node = tree.nodes.get(id);
+      if (!node) continue;
+      visibleHalfSpan = Math.max(
+        visibleHalfSpan,
+        Math.abs(node.x) + Math.abs(node.lean) + node.baseWidth / 2
+      );
+    }
+    // Never let what is on screen spill off the canvas.
+    const overflowCap = visibleHalfSpan > 0 ? usable / (2 * visibleHalfSpan) : Infinity;
+    return Math.min(fitAll * spread, overflowCap);
+  }, [canvas.w, tree, visibleIds, viewStart, viewEnd, absoluteMin, absoluteMax]);
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    fitTargetRef.current = targetScale;
+    if (!fitReadyRef.current) {
+      // First measured layout — adopt it instead of animating in from nothing.
+      fitReadyRef.current = true;
+      fitRef.current = targetScale;
+      setFitScale(targetScale);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (fitRafRef.current != null) return;
+
+    fitLastTsRef.current = performance.now();
+    const step = (now: number) => {
+      const dt = Math.min(0.05, Math.max(0, (now - fitLastTsRef.current) / 1000));
+      fitLastTsRef.current = now;
+      const t = 1 - Math.exp(-FIT_ANIM_RATE * dt);
+      const next = fitRef.current + (fitTargetRef.current - fitRef.current) * t;
+      if (Math.abs(fitTargetRef.current - next) < 0.002) {
+        fitRef.current = fitTargetRef.current;
+        setFitScale(fitTargetRef.current);
+        fitRafRef.current = null;
+        return;
+      }
+      fitRef.current = next;
+      setFitScale(next);
+      fitRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(step);
+    };
+    fitRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(step);
+  }, [targetScale]);
+
+  useEffect(
+    () => () => {
+      if (fitRafRef.current != null) cancelAnimationFrame(fitRafRef.current);
+    },
+    []
+  );
+
+  const { limbs, grafts } = useMemo(() => {
+    const span = viewEnd - viewStart || 1;
+    const centerX = canvas.w / 2;
+    const widthScale = Math.min(1.7, Math.max(0.55, fitScale));
+    const sx = (treeX: number) => centerX + treeX * fitScale;
+    const sy = (year: number) => canvas.h - ((year - viewStart) / span) * canvas.h;
+
+    const limbList: LimbShape[] = [];
+    const graftList: GraftShape[] = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Pass 1 — screen geometry per movement.
+     *
+     * Two readability floors apply here, and only here: the structure and the
+     * dates stay untouched. A limb is drawn at least `MIN_LIMB_RISE_PX` long,
+     * and never thicker than it is long, so 2 500 years of trunk and 30 years
+     * of Fauvism can share one linear axis without the modern crown fusing
+     * into a solid bar.
+     */
+    const drawn = new Map<
+      number,
+      { base: Pt; c1: Pt; c2: Pt; tip: Pt; wBase: number; wTip: number }
+    >();
+
+    for (const id of tree.drawOrder) {
+      const node = tree.nodes.get(id)!;
+      const { start_year: start, end_year: end } = node.movement;
+      if (end <= start) continue;
+
+      const base: Pt = { x: sx(limbXAtYear(node, start)), y: sy(start) };
+      const trueTipY = sy(end);
+      const tip: Pt = {
+        x: sx(limbXAtYear(node, end)),
+        y: Math.min(trueTipY, base.y - MIN_LIMB_RISE_PX),
+      };
+      const lengthPx = Math.hypot(tip.x - base.x, tip.y - base.y);
+      const cap = Math.max(3, lengthPx * MAX_THICKNESS_OF_LENGTH);
+      const wBase = Math.min(node.baseWidth * widthScale, cap);
+      const wTip = Math.min(node.tipWidth * widthScale, cap * 0.82);
+      const dy = tip.y - base.y;
+      drawn.set(id, {
+        base,
+        c1: { x: base.x, y: base.y + dy * 0.42 },
+        c2: { x: tip.x, y: tip.y - dy * 0.34 },
+        tip,
+        wBase,
+        wTip,
+      });
+    }
+
+    /** Point on a drawn limb at the screen height closest to `targetY`. */
+    const pointOnLimb = (parentId: number, targetY: number) => {
+      const p = drawn.get(parentId)!;
+      const total = p.base.y - p.tip.y || 1;
+      const t = Math.min(1, Math.max(0, (p.base.y - targetY) / total));
+      return {
+        pt: cubicAt(p.base, p.c1, p.c2, p.tip, t),
+        width: p.wBase + (p.wTip - p.wBase) * t,
+      };
+    };
+
+    // Pass 2 — ribbons.
+    for (const id of tree.drawOrder) {
+      const node = tree.nodes.get(id)!;
+      const shape = drawn.get(id);
+      if (!shape) continue;
+      const { base, c1, c2, tip, wBase, wTip } = shape;
+      const { start_year: start, end_year: end } = node.movement;
+
+      const color = vividMovementColor(node.movement.color);
+      const d = ribbonPath(base, c1, c2, tip, wBase, wTip);
+
+      // Junction: the limb grows out of its parent a little before its own
+      // date, and always climbs far enough to read as a fork.
+      let junction = '';
+      const parent = node.parentId != null ? tree.nodes.get(node.parentId) : null;
+      if (parent && drawn.has(parent.movement.id)) {
+        const byDate = sy(branchOriginYear(parent, node));
+        const origin = pointOnLimb(
+          parent.movement.id,
+          Math.max(byDate, base.y + MIN_JUNCTION_RISE_PX)
+        );
+        const from = origin.pt;
+        const jdy = base.y - from.y;
+        const jLength = Math.hypot(base.x - from.x, jdy);
+        const jCap = Math.max(3, jLength * MAX_THICKNESS_OF_LENGTH);
+        const wFrom = Math.min(origin.width * 0.92, wBase * 1.25, jCap);
+        const jc1: Pt = { x: from.x, y: from.y + jdy * 0.45 };
+        const jc2: Pt = { x: base.x, y: base.y - jdy * 0.45 };
+        junction = ribbonPath(from, jc1, jc2, base, wFrom, Math.min(wBase, jCap));
+      }
+
+      // Roots: only the bottom of a tree, and only when that bottom is in frame.
+      const roots: string[] = [];
+      if (!parent && base.y > -canvas.h && base.y < canvas.h * 2) {
+        const flare = Math.max(22, wBase * 1.4);
+        for (const dir of [-1, -0.35, 0.35, 1]) {
+          const endPt: Pt = { x: base.x + dir * flare, y: base.y + flare * 0.72 };
+          const rc1: Pt = { x: base.x + dir * flare * 0.2, y: base.y + flare * 0.34 };
+          const rc2: Pt = { x: base.x + dir * flare * 0.8, y: base.y + flare * 0.5 };
+          roots.push(ribbonPath(base, rc1, rc2, endPt, wBase * 0.42, 1.5));
+        }
+      }
+
+      const inView = visibleIds.has(id);
+      const clampedStart = Math.max(start, viewStart);
+      const clampedEnd = Math.min(end, viewEnd);
+      const midYear = (clampedStart + clampedEnd) / 2;
+      const labelY = Math.min(
+        Math.max(sy(midYear), tip.y + MIN_LABEL_HEIGHT_PX / 2),
+        base.y
+      );
+
+      limbList.push({
+        id,
+        name: node.movement.name,
+        color,
+        shade: shadeMovementColor(color),
+        d,
+        junction,
+        tip: { x: tip.x, y: tip.y, r: Math.max(1.5, wTip / 2) },
+        roots,
+        labelX: sx(limbXAtYear(node, midYear)),
+        labelY,
+        labelVisible: inView,
+        yearRange: `${formatYear(start)} – ${formatYear(end)}`,
+        depth: node.depth,
+        inView,
+      });
+
+      for (const graftId of node.graftParentIds) {
+        const graftParent = tree.nodes.get(graftId);
+        if (!graftParent || !drawn.has(graftId)) continue;
+        const byDate = sy(branchOriginYear(graftParent, node));
+        const origin = pointOnLimb(graftId, Math.max(byDate, base.y + MIN_JUNCTION_RISE_PX));
+        const from = origin.pt;
+        const gdy = base.y - from.y;
+        const gWidth = Math.max(2.5, Math.min(wBase * 0.3, 9));
+        graftList.push({
+          key: `${graftId}-${id}`,
+          d: ribbonPath(
+            from,
+            { x: from.x, y: from.y + gdy * 0.55 },
+            { x: base.x, y: base.y - gdy * 0.3 },
+            base,
+            gWidth * 0.7,
+            gWidth
+          ),
+          color: vividMovementColor(graftParent.movement.color),
+          fromId: graftId,
+          toId: id,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    hideOverlappingLabels(limbList, canvas.w, canvas.h);
+    return { limbs: limbList, grafts: graftList };
+  }, [tree, viewStart, viewEnd, canvas.w, canvas.h, fitScale, visibleIds]);
+
+  /** A hovered movement lights up its whole descent line back to the root. */
+  const lineageIds = useMemo(() => {
+    const ids = new Set<number>();
+    if (hoveredId == null) return ids;
+    let cursor: number | null = hoveredId;
+    let guard = 0;
+    while (cursor != null && guard++ < 64) {
+      ids.add(cursor);
+      const node: MovementTreeNode | undefined = tree.nodes.get(cursor);
+      if (!node) break;
+      for (const graftId of node.graftParentIds) ids.add(graftId);
+      cursor = node.parentId;
+    }
+    return ids;
+  }, [hoveredId, tree]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const el = canvasRef.current;
+    if (!el) return;
+    const onWheel = (e: WheelEvent) => {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const { viewStart: vs, viewEnd: ve } = viewRef.current;
+      // Bottom = oldest, so invert the pointer offset before reusing the shared
+      // left-to-right zoom math.
+      const invertedY = rect.height - (e.clientY - rect.top);
+      const next = zoomTimelineView(
+        invertedY,
+        0,
+        rect.height,
+        e.deltaY,
+        vs,
+        ve,
+        absoluteMin,
+        absoluteMax
+      );
+      onViewChangeRef.current(next.start, next.end);
+    };
+    el.addEventListener('wheel', onWheel, { passive: false, capture: true });
+    return () => el.removeEventListener('wheel', onWheel, { capture: true });
+  }, [absoluteMin, absoluteMax]);
+
+  const handlePanStart = useCallback(
+    (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+      if (e.button !== 0) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      setPanning(true);
+      panStart.current = { y: e.clientY, viewStart, viewEnd };
+    },
+    [viewStart, viewEnd]
+  );
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!panning) return;
+    const onMove = (e: MouseEvent) => {
+      const rect = canvasRef.current?.getBoundingClientRect();
+      if (!rect) return;
+      const dy = e.clientY - panStart.current.y;
+      const next = panTimelineView(
+        -dy,
+        rect.height,
+        panStart.current.viewStart,
+        panStart.current.viewEnd,
+        absoluteMin,
+        absoluteMax
+      );
+      onViewChangeRef.current(next.start, next.end);
+    };
+    const onUp = () => setPanning(false);
+    window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMove);
+    window.addEventListener('mouseup', onUp);
+    return () => {
+      window.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMove);
+      window.removeEventListener('mouseup', onUp);
+    };
+  }, [panning, absoluteMin, absoluteMax]);
+
+  if (movements.length === 0) {
+    return (
+      <div className="mtree-empty">
+        <p>No art movements to grow a tree from yet.</p>
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+
+  const anyInView = limbs.some((limb) => limb.inView);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="mtree">
+      <p className="mtree-caption">
+        {t('captionTreeFlow')}
+      </p>
+      <div
+        ref={canvasRef}
+        className={`mtree-canvas${panning ? ' mtree-panning' : ''}`}
+        onMouseDown={handlePanStart}
+      >
+        <svg
+          className="mtree-svg"
+          viewBox={`0 0 ${canvas.w} ${canvas.h}`}
+          preserveAspectRatio="none"
+        >
+          <defs>
+            {limbs.map((limb) => (
+              <linearGradient
+                key={`grad-${limb.id}`}
+                id={`mtree-limb-${limb.id}`}
+                gradientUnits="objectBoundingBox"
+                x1="0"
+                y1="0"
+                x2="1"
+                y2="0"
+              >
+                <stop offset="0%" stopColor={limb.shade} />
+                <stop offset="45%" stopColor={limb.color} />
+                <stop offset="100%" stopColor={limb.shade} />
+              </linearGradient>
+            ))}
+          </defs>
+
+          <g className="mtree-grafts">
+            {grafts.map((graft) => (
+              <path
+                key={graft.key}
+                d={graft.d}
+                fill={graft.color}
+                className={`mtree-graft${
+                  lineageIds.has(graft.toId) && lineageIds.has(graft.fromId)
+                    ? ' mtree-graft-lit'
+                    : ''
+                }`}
+              />
+            ))}
+          </g>
+
+          {limbs.map((limb) => {
+            const lit = lineageIds.has(limb.id);
+            const dim = hoveredId != null && !lit;
+            return (
+              <g
+                key={limb.id}
+                className={`mtree-limb${lit ? ' mtree-limb-lit' : ''}${
+                  dim ? ' mtree-limb-dim' : ''
+                }`}
+                onMouseEnter={() => setHoveredId(limb.id)}
+                onMouseLeave={() => setHoveredId(null)}
+                onClick={(e) => {
+                  e.stopPropagation();
+                  onMovementClick?.(limb.id);
+                }}
+              >
+                <title>{`${limb.name} · ${limb.yearRange}`}</title>
+                {limb.roots.map((d, i) => (
+                  <path key={`root-${i}`} d={d} fill={limb.shade} className="mtree-root" />
+                ))}
+                {limb.junction && (
+                  <path d={limb.junction} fill={`url(#mtree-limb-${limb.id})`} />
+                )}
+                <path d={limb.d} fill={`url(#mtree-limb-${limb.id})`} />
+                <circle cx={limb.tip.x} cy={limb.tip.y} r={limb.tip.r} fill={limb.color} />
+              </g>
+            );
+          })}
+        </svg>
+
+        {limbs
+          .filter((limb) => limb.labelVisible)
+          .map((limb) => (
+            <button
+              key={`label-${limb.id}`}
+              type="button"
+              className={`mtree-label${
+                hoveredId != null && !lineageIds.has(limb.id) ? ' mtree-label-dim' : ''
+              }`}
+              style={{ left: `${limb.labelX}px`, top: `${limb.labelY}px` }}
+              title={`${limb.name} · ${limb.yearRange}`}
+              onMouseEnter={() => setHoveredId(limb.id)}
+              onMouseLeave={() => setHoveredId(null)}
+              onMouseDown={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+              onClick={(e) => {
+                e.stopPropagation();
+                onMovementClick?.(limb.id);
+              }}
+            >
+              {limb.name}
+            </button>
+          ))}
+
+        {!anyInView && (
+          <div className="mtree-out-of-range">
+            <p>No movements in this time range — zoom out to see the whole tree.</p>
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

client/src/components/Timeline.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useRef, useState, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useLayoutEffect } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import type { HistoricalEra } from '../types';
 import {
   HISTORICAL_EVENTS,
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ function formatYear(year: number): string {
 }
 
 export default function Timeline({ eras, viewStart, viewEnd, onViewChange, absoluteMin, absoluteMax, lifespanHighlight }: Props) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('home');
   const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [dragging, setDragging] = useState<'left' | 'right' | 'pan' | null>(null);
   const [containerWidth, setContainerWidth] = useState(800);
@@ -365,7 +367,7 @@ export default function Timeline({ eras, viewStart, viewEnd, onViewChange, absol
       </div>
 
       <p className="timeline-hint">
-        Click an era or event to zoom · Scroll to zoom · Drag to pan
+        {t('captionClassicTimeline')}
       </p>
     </div>
   );

client/src/components/VerticalMovementBands.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { useMemo, useRef, useCallback, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import type { ArtMovement } from '../types';
 import { MOVEMENT_LINEAGE } from '../data/movement-lineage';
 import { panTimelineView, zoomTimelineView } from '../utils/timelineView';
+import { vividMovementColor } from '../utils/movementColor';
 import './VerticalMovementBands.css';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -51,66 +53,6 @@ function yearToBottomPercent(year: number, start: number, end: number): number {
   return ((year - start) / (end - start)) * 100;
 }
 
-function parseHexColor(hex: string): [number, number, number] {
-  const normalized = hex.replace('#', '');
-  const value =
-    normalized.length === 3
-      ? normalized
-          .split('')
-          .map((c) => c + c)
-          .join('')
-      : normalized;
-  const n = parseInt(value, 16);
-  return [(n >> 16) & 255, (n >> 8) & 255, n & 255];
-}
-
-function rgbToHsl(r: number, g: number, b: number): [number, number, number] {
-  r /= 255;
-  g /= 255;
-  b /= 255;
-  const max = Math.max(r, g, b);
-  const min = Math.min(r, g, b);
-  const l = (max + min) / 2;
-  if (max === min) return [0, 0, l];
-  const d = max - min;
-  const s = l > 0.5 ? d / (2 - max - min) : d / (max + min);
-  let h = 0;
-  if (max === r) h = ((g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0)) / 6;
-  else if (max === g) h = ((b - r) / d + 2) / 6;
-  else h = ((r - g) / d + 4) / 6;
-  return [h * 360, s, l];
-}
-
-function hslToHex(h: number, s: number, l: number): string {
-  const c = (1 - Math.abs(2 * l - 1)) * s;
-  const x = c * (1 - Math.abs(((h / 60) % 2) - 1));
-  const m = l - c / 2;
-  let r = 0;
-  let g = 0;
-  let b = 0;
-  if (h < 60) [r, g, b] = [c, x, 0];
-  else if (h < 120) [r, g, b] = [x, c, 0];
-  else if (h < 180) [r, g, b] = [0, c, x];
-  else if (h < 240) [r, g, b] = [0, x, c];
-  else if (h < 300) [r, g, b] = [x, 0, c];
-  else [r, g, b] = [c, 0, x];
-  const toByte = (n: number) => Math.round((n + m) * 255).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
-  return `#${toByte(r)}${toByte(g)}${toByte(b)}`;
-}
-
-function vividMovementColor(hex: string): string {
-  try {
-    const [r, g, b] = parseHexColor(hex);
-    const [h, s, l] = rgbToHsl(r, g, b);
-    const s2 = s < 0.1 ? Math.min(0.55, s + 0.42) : Math.min(1, s * 1.65 + 0.08);
-    const l2 =
-      l < 0.22 ? 0.5 : l > 0.78 ? 0.62 : Math.min(0.68, Math.max(0.4, l * 0.75 + 0.28));
-    return hslToHex(h, s2, l2);
-  } catch {
-    return hex;
-  }
-}
-
 function buildLineageParentMap(
   visible: ArtMovement[],
   nameToId: Map<string, number>
@@ -423,6 +365,7 @@ export default function VerticalMovementBands({
   onViewChange,
   onMovementClick,
 }: Props) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('home');
   const canvasRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [canvasSize, setCanvasSize] = useState({ w: 800, h: 600 });
   const [panning, setPanning] = useState(false);
@@ -690,7 +633,7 @@ export default function VerticalMovementBands({
   return (
     <div className="vflow">
       <p className="vflow-caption">
-        Bottom → top through history · scroll to zoom · drag to pan · click a stream
+        {t('captionVerticalFlow')}
       </p>
       <div
         ref={canvasRef}

client/src/components/VerticalTimeline.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useRef, useState, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useLayoutEffect } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import type { HistoricalEra } from '../types';
 import {
   HISTORICAL_EVENTS,
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ export default function VerticalTimeline({
   absoluteMax,
   lifespanHighlight,
 }: Props) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('home');
   const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [dragging, setDragging] = useState<'start' | 'end' | 'pan' | null>(null);
   const [containerHeight, setContainerHeight] = useState(600);
@@ -409,7 +411,7 @@ export default function VerticalTimeline({
         />
       </div>
 
-      <p className="vtimeline-hint">Bottom → top · Scroll to zoom · Drag to pan</p>
+      <p className="vtimeline-hint">{t('captionVerticalTimeline')}</p>
     </aside>
   );
 }

client/src/locales/en/home.json

@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@
   "audit": "Activity",
   "layoutHorizontal": "Classic timeline →",
   "layoutVertical": "↑ Vertical timeline",
+  "layoutTree": "🌳 Tree of art",
+  "captionClassicTimeline": "Click an era or event to zoom · Scroll to zoom · Drag to pan",
+  "captionClassicFlow": "Scroll to zoom · drag to pan · each movement stream is a solid colour band through history",
+  "captionVerticalTimeline": "Bottom → top · Scroll to zoom · Drag to pan",
+  "captionVerticalFlow": "Bottom → top through history · scroll to zoom · drag to pan · click a stream",
+  "captionTreeFlow": "Roots at the bottom, living movements at the crown · scroll to zoom · drag to pan · click a branch to enter its gallery",
   "openingTourGallery": "Opening guided tour…",
   "tourEmpty": "This tour has no paintings yet.",
   "tourLoadFailed": "Failed to load the tour.",

client/src/locales/ru/home.json

@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@
   "audit": "Активность",
   "layoutHorizontal": "Классическая шкала →",
   "layoutVertical": "↑ Вертикальная шкала",
+  "layoutTree": "🌳 Древо искусства",
+  "captionClassicTimeline": "Щёлкните эпоху или событие для приближения · Колесо — масштаб · Перетащите для панорамы",
+  "captionClassicFlow": "Колесо — масштаб · перетащите для панорамы · каждое направление — цветная полоса сквозь историю",
+  "captionVerticalTimeline": "Снизу вверх · Колесо — масштаб · Перетащите для панорамы",
+  "captionVerticalFlow": "Снизу вверх по истории · колесо — масштаб · перетащите для панорамы · щёлкните поток",
+  "captionTreeFlow": "Корни внизу, живые направления в кроне · колесо — масштаб · перетащите для панорамы · щёлкните ветвь, чтобы войти в зал",
   "openingTourGallery": "Открытие экскурсии…",
   "tourEmpty": "В этой экскурсии пока нет картин.",
   "tourLoadFailed": "Не удалось загрузить экскурсию.",

client/src/pages/HomePage.css

@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
   top: 16px;
   left: 16px;
   z-index: 120;
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+  align-items: center;
 }
 
 .site-layout-link {
@@ -63,6 +66,17 @@
   color: #f5e6c8;
 }
 
+/* Link to the alternative tree start page — the one worth noticing. */
+.site-layout-link-feature {
+  border-color: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.7);
+  background: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.16);
+  color: #f5e6c8;
+}
+
+.site-layout-link-feature:hover {
+  background: rgba(201, 169, 110, 0.3);
+}
+
 .gallery-session-suspended {
   position: fixed;
   inset: 0;

client/src/pages/HomePage.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import TimelineEventGuides from '../components/TimelineEventGuides';
 import MovementBands from '../components/MovementBands';
 import VerticalTimeline from '../components/VerticalTimeline';
 import VerticalMovementBands from '../components/VerticalMovementBands';
+import MovementTree from '../components/MovementTree';
 import VirtualGallery from '../components/VirtualGallery';
 import PaintingDetailView from '../components/PaintingDetail';
 import ArtistBio from '../components/ArtistBio';
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ import './HomePage.css';
 type View =
   | { type: 'timeline' }
   | { type: 'timeline-vertical' }
+  | { type: 'timeline-tree' }
   | { type: 'checkup' }
   | { type: 'translations' }
   | { type: 'influences' }
@@ -157,6 +159,37 @@ function catalogNavigateTarget(
   return idx < remaining.length ? remaining[idx].id : remaining[remaining.length - 1].id;
 }
 
+/** Shareable timeline layout via `?layout=classic|vertical|tree` (classic may omit the param). */
+type TimelineLayoutId = 'classic' | 'vertical' | 'tree';
+
+function parseTimelineLayoutParam(raw: string | null): TimelineLayoutId {
+  if (raw === 'vertical' || raw === 'tree') return raw;
+  if (raw === 'classic' || raw === 'horizontal') return 'classic';
+  return 'classic';
+}
+
+function timelineViewFromLayout(layout: TimelineLayoutId): View {
+  if (layout === 'vertical') return { type: 'timeline-vertical' };
+  if (layout === 'tree') return { type: 'timeline-tree' };
+  return { type: 'timeline' };
+}
+
+function writeTimelineLayoutParam(layout: TimelineLayoutId) {
+  const url = new URL(window.location.href);
+  if (layout === 'classic') url.searchParams.delete('layout');
+  else url.searchParams.set('layout', layout);
+  const next = `${url.pathname}${url.search}${url.hash}`;
+  const current = `${window.location.pathname}${window.location.search}${window.location.hash}`;
+  if (next !== current) window.history.replaceState(null, '', next);
+}
+
+function readInitialTimelineView(): View {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return { type: 'timeline' };
+  return timelineViewFromLayout(
+    parseTimelineLayoutParam(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get('layout'))
+  );
+}
+
 export default function HomePage() {
   const { t } = useTranslation('home');
   const { isCurator, isAdmin, username, login, logout, can } = useAuth();
@@ -167,7 +200,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
   const canInfluences = can('influences');
   const canTours = can('tours');
   const canUsers = can('users');
-  const [view, setView] = useState<View>({ type: 'timeline' });
+  const [view, setView] = useState<View>(readInitialTimelineView);
   const [gallerySession, setGallerySession] = useState<GallerySession | null>(null);
   const [bounds, setBounds] = useState({ min: -800, max: 2025 });
   const [viewStart, setViewStart] = useState(-800);
@@ -210,7 +243,11 @@ export default function HomePage() {
       setGallerySession({ kind: 'movement', movementId: view.movementId, data: view.data });
     } else if (view.type === 'tour-gallery') {
       setGallerySession({ kind: 'tour', tourId: view.tourId, data: view.data });
-    } else if (view.type === 'timeline' || view.type === 'timeline-vertical') {
+    } else if (
+      view.type === 'timeline' ||
+      view.type === 'timeline-vertical' ||
+      view.type === 'timeline-tree'
+    ) {
       setGallerySession(null);
     }
   }, [view]);
@@ -271,19 +308,33 @@ export default function HomePage() {
     setViewStart(bounds.min);
     setViewEnd(bounds.max);
     setGalleryRevision((revision) => revision + 1);
+    writeTimelineLayoutParam('classic');
     setView({ type: 'timeline' });
   }, [bounds.min, bounds.max]);
 
   const openHorizontalTimeline = () => {
+    writeTimelineLayoutParam('classic');
     setView({ type: 'timeline' });
   };
 
   const openVerticalTimeline = () => {
+    writeTimelineLayoutParam('vertical');
     setView({ type: 'timeline-vertical' });
   };
 
-  const isTimelineHome = view.type === 'timeline' || view.type === 'timeline-vertical';
+  const openTreeTimeline = () => {
+    writeTimelineLayoutParam('tree');
+    setView({ type: 'timeline-tree' });
+  };
+
+  const isTimelineHome =
+    view.type === 'timeline' ||
+    view.type === 'timeline-vertical' ||
+    view.type === 'timeline-tree';
   const isVerticalTimeline = view.type === 'timeline-vertical';
+  const isTreeTimeline = view.type === 'timeline-tree';
+  /** Both alternative layouts run the year axis bottom → top beside the chart. */
+  const isVerticalLayout = isVerticalTimeline || isTreeTimeline;
 
   const toggleDebugMode = () => {
     setDebugMode((prev) => {
@@ -1222,16 +1273,17 @@ export default function HomePage() {
         <div className="home-page">
           <header className="site-header">
             <div className="site-layout-switch">
-              {isVerticalTimeline ? (
+              {!isTreeTimeline && (
                 <button
                   type="button"
-                  className="site-layout-link"
+                  className="site-layout-link site-layout-link-feature"
-                  onClick={openHorizontalTimeline}
+                  onClick={openTreeTimeline}
-                  title="Switch to classic left-to-right timeline"
+                  title="Open the alternative start page: bottom-up timeline with movements drawn as a growing tree"
                 >
-                  {t('layoutHorizontal')}
+                  {t('layoutTree')}
                 </button>
-              ) : (
+              )}
+              {!isVerticalTimeline && (
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   className="site-layout-link"
@@ -1241,6 +1293,16 @@ export default function HomePage() {
                   {t('layoutVertical')}
                 </button>
               )}
+              {!(view.type === 'timeline') && (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  className="site-layout-link"
+                  onClick={openHorizontalTimeline}
+                  title="Switch to classic left-to-right timeline"
+                >
+                  {t('layoutHorizontal')}
+                </button>
+              )}
             </div>
             <div className="site-dev-tools">
               {isCurator ? (
@@ -1369,7 +1431,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
             />
           </header>
 
-          <div className={`home-timeline-stack${isVerticalTimeline ? ' home-timeline-stack-vertical' : ''}`}>
+          <div className={`home-timeline-stack${isVerticalLayout ? ' home-timeline-stack-vertical' : ''}`}>
             {loading && (
               <GalleryLoadingMarker overlay message="Loading art history…" />
             )}
@@ -1380,7 +1442,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
               <GalleryLoadingMarker banner message="Loading portraits…" />
             )}
 
-            {isVerticalTimeline ? (
+            {isVerticalLayout ? (
               <>
                 <VerticalTimeline
                   eras={timelineData.eras}
@@ -1394,15 +1456,27 @@ export default function HomePage() {
                 {error && <div className="error-banner">{error}</div>}
                 {!loading && (
                   <div className="home-movements-section-vertical">
-                    <VerticalMovementBands
+                    {isTreeTimeline ? (
-                      movements={timelineData.movements}
+                      <MovementTree
-                      viewStart={viewStart}
+                        movements={timelineData.movements}
-                      viewEnd={viewEnd}
+                        viewStart={viewStart}
-                      absoluteMin={bounds.min}
+                        viewEnd={viewEnd}
-                      absoluteMax={bounds.max}
+                        absoluteMin={bounds.min}
-                      onViewChange={handleViewChange}
+                        absoluteMax={bounds.max}
-                      onMovementClick={handleMovementClick}
+                        onViewChange={handleViewChange}
-                    />
+                        onMovementClick={handleMovementClick}
+                      />
+                    ) : (
+                      <VerticalMovementBands
+                        movements={timelineData.movements}
+                        viewStart={viewStart}
+                        viewEnd={viewEnd}
+                        absoluteMin={bounds.min}
+                        absoluteMax={bounds.max}
+                        onViewChange={handleViewChange}
+                        onMovementClick={handleMovementClick}
+                      />
+                    )}
                   </div>
                 )}
               </>

client/src/utils/movementColor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/** Shared colour helpers for movement streams (timeline flow, vertical flow, tree). */
+
+/** True when `hex` is a usable #rgb / #rrggbb / #rrggbbaa-style value. */
+export function isMovementHexColor(hex: string): boolean {
+  const normalized = hex.replace('#', '').trim();
+  return /^[0-9a-fA-F]{3}$|^[0-9a-fA-F]{6,}$/.test(normalized);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse a catalogue colour to RGB.
+ * 3-digit shorthand expands; 6+ digits keep the first six (so `#rrggbbaa` → `#rrggbb`).
+ * Throws on malformed input so callers can fall back.
+ */
+export function parseHexColor(hex: string): [number, number, number] {
+  const normalized = hex.replace('#', '').trim();
+  if (!/^[0-9a-fA-F]{3}$|^[0-9a-fA-F]{6,}$/.test(normalized)) {
+    throw new Error(`invalid hex colour: ${hex}`);
+  }
+  const value =
+    normalized.length === 3
+      ? normalized
+          .split('')
+          .map((c) => c + c)
+          .join('')
+      : normalized.slice(0, 6);
+  const n = parseInt(value, 16);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(n)) throw new Error(`invalid hex colour: ${hex}`);
+  return [(n >> 16) & 255, (n >> 8) & 255, n & 255];
+}
+
+export function rgbToHsl(r: number, g: number, b: number): [number, number, number] {
+  r /= 255;
+  g /= 255;
+  b /= 255;
+  const max = Math.max(r, g, b);
+  const min = Math.min(r, g, b);
+  const l = (max + min) / 2;
+  if (max === min) return [0, 0, l];
+  const d = max - min;
+  const s = l > 0.5 ? d / (2 - max - min) : d / (max + min);
+  let h = 0;
+  if (max === r) h = ((g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0)) / 6;
+  else if (max === g) h = ((b - r) / d + 2) / 6;
+  else h = ((r - g) / d + 4) / 6;
+  return [h * 360, s, l];
+}
+
+export function hslToHex(h: number, s: number, l: number): string {
+  const c = (1 - Math.abs(2 * l - 1)) * s;
+  const x = c * (1 - Math.abs(((h / 60) % 2) - 1));
+  const m = l - c / 2;
+  let r = 0;
+  let g = 0;
+  let b = 0;
+  if (h < 60) [r, g, b] = [c, x, 0];
+  else if (h < 120) [r, g, b] = [x, c, 0];
+  else if (h < 180) [r, g, b] = [0, c, x];
+  else if (h < 240) [r, g, b] = [0, x, c];
+  else if (h < 300) [r, g, b] = [x, 0, c];
+  else [r, g, b] = [c, 0, x];
+  const toByte = (n: number) => Math.round((n + m) * 255).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
+  return `#${toByte(r)}${toByte(g)}${toByte(b)}`;
+}
+
+/** Lift a muted catalogue colour into a saturated stream colour. */
+export function vividMovementColor(hex: string): string {
+  try {
+    if (!isMovementHexColor(hex)) return hex;
+    const [r, g, b] = parseHexColor(hex);
+    const [h, s, l] = rgbToHsl(r, g, b);
+    const s2 = s < 0.1 ? Math.min(0.55, s + 0.42) : Math.min(1, s * 1.65 + 0.08);
+    const l2 =
+      l < 0.22 ? 0.5 : l > 0.78 ? 0.62 : Math.min(0.68, Math.max(0.4, l * 0.75 + 0.28));
+    return hslToHex(h, s2, l2);
+  } catch {
+    return hex;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Darker variant of a stream colour — used for the shaded side of a tree limb. */
+export function shadeMovementColor(hex: string, amount = 0.34): string {
+  try {
+    if (!isMovementHexColor(hex)) return hex;
+    const [r, g, b] = parseHexColor(hex);
+    const [h, s, l] = rgbToHsl(r, g, b);
+    return hslToHex(h, Math.min(1, s * 1.05), Math.max(0.08, l * (1 - amount)));
+  } catch {
+    return hex;
+  }
+}

client/src/utils/movementTree.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+/**
+ * Tree layout rules for the "Tree of Art" start page.
+ *
+ * The classic flow chart packs movements into lanes and lets the lanes drift as
+ * you pan. A tree needs the opposite: a shape you can recognise again after a
+ * zoom. So the horizontal geometry here is computed **once from the whole
+ * catalogue** and never depends on the visible year window — only the vertical
+ * (time) axis reacts to pan/zoom.
+ *
+ * Rules
+ * -----
+ * 1. **Time grows upward.** The oldest movements sit at the bottom, the newest
+ *    at the top. Y is purely `year → pixel`; this file never computes it.
+ * 2. **One trunk, at the centre.** `MOVEMENT_LINEAGE` is a DAG, so it is first
+ *    reduced to a spanning tree: each movement keeps its *most immediate
+ *    predecessor* (the parent with the latest start year that still precedes
+ *    it) as its structural parent. Remaining parents survive as **grafts** —
+ *    thin secondary limbs the renderer draws behind the tree.
+ * 3. **Children split the parent's slot.** Every node reserves a horizontal
+ *    slot as wide as its whole subtree (`max(own limb, Σ children)`), and its
+ *    children are packed side by side and centred on the parent. A single-child
+ *    chain therefore inherits the parent's x exactly — the trunk stays straight
+ *    until it actually forks, and every fork spreads symmetrically, so later
+ *    generations end up further from the centre.
+ * 4. **Leonardo's rule for thickness.** A limb is as thick as the limbs it
+ *    carries: `base² = own² + Σ child.base²`. The trunk at the bottom is the
+ *    thickest thing on screen and every branch tapers as it rises and sheds
+ *    children. A movement's *own* thickness comes from its influence-link count.
+ * 5. **Branches lean outward.** A limb drifts sideways across its own lifespan,
+ *    away from its parent, by at most the slack left inside its slot — so limbs
+ *    look grown rather than extruded, and can never collide with a sibling.
+ * 6. **Unlinked movements are saplings.** A movement with no lineage edge is its
+ *    own root; extra roots are planted alternately right and left of the trunk,
+ *    widest subtree first, so the main trunk keeps x = 0 (canvas centre).
+ */
+import type { ArtMovement } from '../types';
+import { MOVEMENT_LINEAGE } from '../data/movement-lineage';
+
+/** All values are tree-space pixels; the renderer scales them to the canvas. */
+export const TREE_LAYOUT = {
+  /** Horizontal room a childless limb claims. */
+  LEAF_SLOT_PX: 104,
+  /** Clear space kept around a limb inside its own slot. */
+  LIMB_GAP_PX: 34,
+  /** Thinnest a limb may be drawn. */
+  MIN_LIMB_PX: 13,
+  /** Thickest a limb can get from its own influence count alone. */
+  MAX_OWN_LIMB_PX: 36,
+  /** Ceiling for the accumulated (Leonardo) thickness of the trunk. */
+  MAX_TRUNK_PX: 96,
+  /** How much of the slack inside a slot a limb may lean into. */
+  LEAN_SLACK: 0.55,
+  MAX_LEAN_PX: 28,
+  /** A limb ends its life this much thinner than it started it. */
+  TIP_TAPER: 0.66,
+} as const;
+
+export interface MovementTreeNode {
+  movement: ArtMovement;
+  /** Structural parent in the spanning tree (`null` for roots). */
+  parentId: number | null;
+  /** Documented predecessors that lost to the structural parent. */
+  graftParentIds: number[];
+  childIds: number[];
+  depth: number;
+  descendants: number;
+  /** Thickness the movement earns on its own (influence links). */
+  ownWidth: number;
+  /** Thickness where the limb leaves its parent — carries every descendant. */
+  baseWidth: number;
+  /** Thickness where the limb ends. */
+  tipWidth: number;
+  /** Horizontal slot reserved for this node and everything under it. */
+  subtreeWidth: number;
+  /** Tree-space x of the limb base. The main trunk sits at 0. */
+  x: number;
+  /** Lateral drift from base to tip, px (signed). */
+  lean: number;
+  side: -1 | 0 | 1;
+}
+
+export interface MovementTree {
+  nodes: Map<number, MovementTreeNode>;
+  rootIds: number[];
+  /** Ids ordered thickest-first, so thin branches paint over the trunk. */
+  drawOrder: number[];
+  /** Half the horizontal extent actually occupied, px (>= 1). */
+  halfSpan: number;
+}
+
+/** Stable per-id value in [-1, 1] — organic drift without randomness. */
+function idDrift(id: number): number {
+  const n = Math.sin(id * 12.9898) * 43758.5453;
+  return (n - Math.floor(n)) * 2 - 1;
+}
+
+function influenceCount(m: ArtMovement): number {
+  const n = m.influence_link_count;
+  return typeof n === 'number' && Number.isFinite(n) ? Math.max(0, n) : 0;
+}
+
+/** child id → documented parent ids, restricted to movements in the catalogue. */
+function buildParentMap(movements: ArtMovement[]): Map<number, number[]> {
+  const nameToId = new Map(movements.map((m) => [m.name, m.id]));
+  const parents = new Map<number, number[]>();
+  for (const [parentName, childName] of MOVEMENT_LINEAGE) {
+    const parentId = nameToId.get(parentName);
+    const childId = nameToId.get(childName);
+    if (parentId == null || childId == null || parentId === childId) continue;
+    const list = parents.get(childId) ?? [];
+    if (!list.includes(parentId)) list.push(parentId);
+    parents.set(childId, list);
+  }
+  return parents;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reduce the lineage DAG to a spanning tree. Ranking every movement by start
+ * year first means a parent is always strictly earlier in the ranking than its
+ * child, so the result cannot contain a cycle.
+ */
+function chooseStructuralParents(
+  movements: ArtMovement[],
+  parentMap: Map<number, number[]>
+): Map<number, { parentId: number | null; grafts: number[] }> {
+  const ranked = [...movements].sort(
+    (a, b) => a.start_year - b.start_year || a.id - b.id
+  );
+  const rank = new Map(ranked.map((m, index) => [m.id, index]));
+
+  const chosen = new Map<number, { parentId: number | null; grafts: number[] }>();
+  for (const m of movements) {
+    const candidates = (parentMap.get(m.id) ?? []).filter(
+      (pid) => (rank.get(pid) ?? Infinity) < (rank.get(m.id) ?? -Infinity)
+    );
+    if (candidates.length === 0) {
+      chosen.set(m.id, { parentId: null, grafts: [] });
+      continue;
+    }
+    // Most immediate predecessor carries the branch; older ones become grafts.
+    const sorted = [...candidates].sort(
+      (a, b) => (rank.get(b) ?? 0) - (rank.get(a) ?? 0)
+    );
+    chosen.set(m.id, { parentId: sorted[0], grafts: sorted.slice(1) });
+  }
+  return chosen;
+}
+
+export function buildMovementTree(movements: ArtMovement[]): MovementTree {
+  const nodes = new Map<number, MovementTreeNode>();
+  if (movements.length === 0) {
+    return { nodes, rootIds: [], drawOrder: [], halfSpan: 1 };
+  }
+
+  const parentMap = buildParentMap(movements);
+  const structure = chooseStructuralParents(movements, parentMap);
+  const maxInfluence = Math.max(0, ...movements.map(influenceCount));
+
+  for (const movement of movements) {
+    const { parentId, grafts } = structure.get(movement.id) ?? {
+      parentId: null,
+      grafts: [],
+    };
+    const ownWidth =
+      maxInfluence > 0
+        ? TREE_LAYOUT.MIN_LIMB_PX +
+          (influenceCount(movement) / maxInfluence) *
+            (TREE_LAYOUT.MAX_OWN_LIMB_PX - TREE_LAYOUT.MIN_LIMB_PX)
+        : (TREE_LAYOUT.MIN_LIMB_PX + TREE_LAYOUT.MAX_OWN_LIMB_PX) / 2;
+
+    nodes.set(movement.id, {
+      movement,
+      parentId,
+      graftParentIds: grafts,
+      childIds: [],
+      depth: 0,
+      descendants: 0,
+      ownWidth,
+      baseWidth: ownWidth,
+      tipWidth: Math.max(TREE_LAYOUT.MIN_LIMB_PX * 0.6, ownWidth * TREE_LAYOUT.TIP_TAPER),
+      subtreeWidth: TREE_LAYOUT.LEAF_SLOT_PX,
+      x: 0,
+      lean: 0,
+      side: 0,
+    });
+  }
+
+  const rootIds: number[] = [];
+  for (const node of nodes.values()) {
+    if (node.parentId != null && nodes.has(node.parentId)) {
+      nodes.get(node.parentId)!.childIds.push(node.movement.id);
+    } else {
+      node.parentId = null;
+      rootIds.push(node.movement.id);
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const node of nodes.values()) {
+    node.childIds.sort((a, b) => {
+      const ma = nodes.get(a)!.movement;
+      const mb = nodes.get(b)!.movement;
+      return ma.start_year - mb.start_year || ma.name.localeCompare(mb.name);
+    });
+    node.graftParentIds = node.graftParentIds.filter((id) => nodes.has(id));
+  }
+
+  // Post-order: depth, descendant count, Leonardo thickness, slot width.
+  const measure = (id: number, depth: number): void => {
+    const node = nodes.get(id)!;
+    node.depth = depth;
+    let descendants = 0;
+    let childrenWidth = 0;
+    let carried = node.ownWidth * node.ownWidth;
+    for (const childId of node.childIds) {
+      measure(childId, depth + 1);
+      const child = nodes.get(childId)!;
+      descendants += 1 + child.descendants;
+      childrenWidth += child.subtreeWidth;
+      carried += child.baseWidth * child.baseWidth;
+    }
+    node.descendants = descendants;
+    node.baseWidth = Math.min(TREE_LAYOUT.MAX_TRUNK_PX, Math.sqrt(carried));
+    node.subtreeWidth = Math.max(
+      node.baseWidth + TREE_LAYOUT.LIMB_GAP_PX,
+      node.childIds.length === 0 ? TREE_LAYOUT.LEAF_SLOT_PX : childrenWidth
+    );
+  };
+  for (const id of rootIds) measure(id, 0);
+
+  // Widest tree takes the centre; the rest are planted alternately right / left.
+  rootIds.sort((a, b) => {
+    const na = nodes.get(a)!;
+    const nb = nodes.get(b)!;
+    return (
+      nb.descendants - na.descendants ||
+      na.movement.start_year - nb.movement.start_year ||
+      na.movement.name.localeCompare(nb.movement.name)
+    );
+  });
+
+  const place = (id: number, x: number): void => {
+    const node = nodes.get(id)!;
+    node.x = x;
+    const total = node.childIds.reduce((sum, cid) => sum + nodes.get(cid)!.subtreeWidth, 0);
+    let cursor = x - total / 2;
+    for (const childId of node.childIds) {
+      const child = nodes.get(childId)!;
+      place(childId, cursor + child.subtreeWidth / 2);
+      cursor += child.subtreeWidth;
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (rootIds.length > 0) {
+    const trunk = nodes.get(rootIds[0])!;
+    place(rootIds[0], 0);
+    let rightEdge = trunk.subtreeWidth / 2;
+    let leftEdge = -trunk.subtreeWidth / 2;
+    rootIds.slice(1).forEach((id, index) => {
+      const node = nodes.get(id)!;
+      if (index % 2 === 0) {
+        place(id, rightEdge + node.subtreeWidth / 2);
+        rightEdge += node.subtreeWidth;
+      } else {
+        place(id, leftEdge - node.subtreeWidth / 2);
+        leftEdge -= node.subtreeWidth;
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Lean: outward from the parent, capped by the slack left inside the slot.
+  for (const node of nodes.values()) {
+    const parent = node.parentId != null ? nodes.get(node.parentId) : null;
+    const slack = Math.max(0, (node.subtreeWidth - node.baseWidth) / 2);
+    const side = parent ? (Math.sign(node.x - parent.x) as -1 | 0 | 1) : 0;
+    node.side = side;
+    node.lean =
+      side !== 0
+        ? side * Math.min(TREE_LAYOUT.MAX_LEAN_PX, slack * TREE_LAYOUT.LEAN_SLACK)
+        : idDrift(node.movement.id) * Math.min(9, slack * 0.2);
+  }
+
+  let halfSpan = 1;
+  for (const node of nodes.values()) {
+    halfSpan = Math.max(
+      halfSpan,
+      Math.abs(node.x) + Math.abs(node.lean) + node.baseWidth / 2
+    );
+  }
+
+  const drawOrder = [...nodes.keys()].sort((a, b) => {
+    const na = nodes.get(a)!;
+    const nb = nodes.get(b)!;
+    return nb.baseWidth - na.baseWidth || na.depth - nb.depth;
+  });
+
+  return { nodes, rootIds, drawOrder, halfSpan };
+}
+
+/** Fraction of a movement's lifespan elapsed at `year`, clamped to [0, 1]. */
+export function lifeProgress(node: MovementTreeNode, year: number): number {
+  const { start_year: start, end_year: end } = node.movement;
+  if (end <= start) return 0;
+  return Math.min(1, Math.max(0, (year - start) / (end - start)));
+}
+
+/** Tree-space x of a limb's centreline at `year` (accounts for the lean). */
+export function limbXAtYear(node: MovementTreeNode, year: number): number {
+  return node.x + node.lean * lifeProgress(node, year);
+}
+
+/** Limb thickness at `year`, tapering from base to tip. */
+export function limbWidthAtYear(node: MovementTreeNode, year: number): number {
+  const t = lifeProgress(node, year);
+  return node.baseWidth + (node.tipWidth - node.baseWidth) * t;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Year at which a child limb leaves its parent. Branches split a little before
+ * the successor movement is dated, which is both how lineage works and what
+ * keeps the junction from looking like a right angle.
+ */
+export function branchOriginYear(parent: MovementTreeNode, child: MovementTreeNode): number {
+  const childStart = child.movement.start_year;
+  const parentStart = parent.movement.start_year;
+  const parentEnd = parent.movement.end_year;
+  const lead = Math.min(60, Math.max(6, (childStart - parentStart) * 0.22));
+  return Math.min(parentEnd, Math.max(parentStart, childStart - lead));
+}