diff --git a/Documentation/basics.md b/Documentation/basics.md
index effa599..7311b99 100644
--- a/Documentation/basics.md
+++ b/Documentation/basics.md
@@ -299,10 +299,10 @@ Each artist has **exactly one hall**. The hall is a rectangular room sized to fi
 | Floor | Herringbone **parquet** procedural texture (`parquetFloorTexture.ts`) |
 | Wall tint | Gallery walls blend the artist’s **movement colour** into cream plaster tones |
 | Frame finish | **Unchecked** works: black moulding; **Reviewed** (`checkup_checked`): bright gold moulding at **double width** |
-| Influence lamps | A golden picture light appears **above frames** whose work has any influence-graph edge (`has_influence_links` from the API); fixture is mounted **upside down** (`InfluencePictureLamp` in `VirtualGallery.tsx`) |
+| Influence lamps | A golden picture light appears **above frames** whose work has any influence-graph edge (`has_influence_links` from the API); fixture is mounted **upside down** and is **emissive-only** (no per-frame lights — see light budget below) |
 | Curator-note plates | A small brass plate hangs **beneath frames** that have non-empty `curator_notes` |
 | Eye-level viewing | Frame centres sit at **eye height (~1.65 m)**; the camera stays **level with the floor** (no pitch up/down) |
-| Open centre | Floor and ceiling only — no columns, pedestals, or other centre objects |
+| Open centre | Floor and ceiling only — no freestanding columns or pedestals in the walkway |
 | Museum exit | Front-wall **double doors** with transom, brass hardware, sconces, marble threshold, and warm vestibule glow |
 | Shadows | **Disabled** — no Canvas shadow maps / `castShadow` (performance; flat lighting only) |
 | Hall-to-hall travel | Exit opens a panel: **Predecessors** (left) and **Successors** (right), each grouped by art movement |
@@ -338,11 +338,12 @@ Enter from the home page by clicking a **movement name** on the movement flow. F
 | Period interior | Each of the 26 seeded movements maps to a unique style in `movement-interior-styles.ts` (Italian palazzo, Baroque palace, NYC loft, white cube, etc.). Style keys use a legacy id map (`DB_ID_TO_STYLE_KEY`: gallery ids **1–26** → authored keys **27–52**, with Northern/High Renaissance swapped) so Byzantine gets the chapel, not Gothic stone |
 | Wall materials | Hi-res **procedural textures** with normal maps (`galleryProceduralTextures.ts`): real-world stone, marble, wood panelling, brick, velvet, stucco — plus **single-colour painted walls** (`painted-lime`, `painted-oil-matte`, `painted-oil-satin`, `painted-emulsion`, `painted-flat`) tinted per movement for Renaissance salons through modern white cubes |
 | Textures | Wall/floor/ceiling maps applied via `useTexturedMaterial`; movement **tints** drive painted-wall hue |
-| Windows | **Side walls only** — placed in gaps between frames (high on the wall, no overlap with paintings); style matches the movement era |
-| Lighting | Daylight from windows + ceiling track lights + ambient/sun fill |
+| Windows | **Side walls only** — placed in gaps between frames when possible; if a wall is packed, high **clerestory** windows are still added so the hall keeps daylight (`computeSideWallWindows`) |
+| Lighting | Shared hall lights only (ambient / hemisphere / directional + capped ceiling track spots + one fill per window). See **light budget** below |
+| Period details | `MovementHallDetails.tsx` — classical / neoclassical use **shallow engaged corner pilasters** (never freestanding mid-hall or proud corner shafts that cover frames) |
 | Back wall | Single wing: solid display wall. Multi-wing: **Exit double doors** → **Wing navigator** or **Exit to Timeline** |
 | Front / entrance wall | Single wing: **Exit double doors** (leave the way you entered). Multi-wing: **“Next wing →”** archway when a later wing exists |
-| Influence lamps | Same golden upside-down lamps as artist halls when `has_influence_links` is true |
+| Influence lamps | Same golden upside-down emissive fixtures as artist halls when `has_influence_links` is true |
 | Missing images | Draped canvas cover in frame |
 | Detail return | **Back to Gallery** from painting detail returns to the same wing with camera preserved; **Back to Timeline** exits the hall entirely |
 
@@ -373,6 +374,12 @@ Full guide: [tours.md](tours.md).
 
 ### Shared 3D behaviour
 
+**Light budget (critical):** Three.js forward shading cannot compile `MeshStandardMaterial` with dozens of dynamic lights. Large wings used to add **one `spotLight` per painting** (plus influence lamps), which pushed the scene to ~100–200 lights — walls, floor, and ceiling then rendered as a black void while painting canvases (`MeshBasicMaterial`) still showed. Halls therefore use **shared lighting only**: ambient / hemisphere / directional fill, a small set of ceiling track spots (`GalleryTrackLights`, capped), and **one** window spot each. Painting canvases stay unlit (`MeshBasicMaterial`); frames and influence fixtures use **emissive** accents instead of per-frame lights. Intensities are scaled for three.js physical lights (post-r155).
+
+**Period architecture:** Freestanding columns must not sit in the walkway or in the corner pocket in front of frames (hang margin is only ~0.7 m from each wall end). Classical / neoclassical details use **engaged corner pilasters** flush to the walls (`MovementHallDetails.tsx`).
+
+**Surface textures:** Procedural colour maps use sRGB; **normal maps use `NoColorSpace`** (`galleryProceduralTextures.ts`). Wrong colour space on normals breaks wall shading.
+
 **3D images** prefer local **thumbnail** files (`galleryImageUrlCandidates` in `client/src/api/client.ts`: thumb → `GET /api/paintings/:id/image?size=thumb`; full originals are **not** used for hall frames — they can be tens of MB and made large halls take ~1 minute). Remote Wikipedia fetches are too slow for realtime WebGL textures. Entering an **artist** or **movement** hall fires `POST /api/artists/:id/preload-images` or `POST /api/movements/:id/preload-images` in the **background** (does not block hall open). Texture downloads are **queued** (max 8 parallel). While a texture is loading, the frame shows the canvas cover instead of a white placeholder. A per-image deadline only releases the boot overlay counter — it does **not** permanently blank the frame if the download finishes later.
 
 **Boot overlay** (`VirtualGallery.tsx`): the center shows **“Loading gallery…”** until the WebGL canvas is ready and a short `gl.compileAsync` warm-up finishes (so entrance doors / passages do not hitch on the first turn). HDR `Environment` loads in a Suspense boundary **without** blocking the overlay. Painting textures keep loading in the background. The 3D hall stays mounted while painting detail or bio overlays are open; returning remounts the canvas when the hall becomes active again.
diff --git a/Documentation/data-and-images.md b/Documentation/data-and-images.md
index 876d623..6b905c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/data-and-images.md
+++ b/Documentation/data-and-images.md
@@ -278,9 +278,9 @@ To add or fix a branch, edit `MOVEMENT_LINEAGE` in that file and rebuild the cli
 
 ## Movement gallery interiors (frontend)
 
-Separate from movement lineage layout, `client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts` defines a **unique 3D interior** for each seeded art movement (26 styles): wall/floor/ceiling textures, trim colours, window style, and architectural details (columns, coffered ceilings, etc.). Textures are generated procedurally in `client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts`.
+Separate from movement lineage layout, `client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts` defines a **unique 3D interior** for each seeded art movement (26 styles): wall/floor/ceiling textures, trim colours, window style, and architectural details (pilasters, coffered ceilings, etc.). Textures are generated procedurally in `client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts` (colour maps in sRGB, normal maps in linear/`NoColorSpace`). Period mesh details live in `client/src/components/MovementHallDetails.tsx` — classical / neoclassical use **shallow engaged corner pilasters** so shafts never cover frames.
 
-Wing layout (up to 55 works per wing, U-shaped hang, window gap placement) lives in `client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts`. Visit order fills the **left wall** (first work at the entrance), then the **far/end wall**, then the **right** (last work at the entrance). The same hang applies to artist halls and guided tours. To change a movement’s look, edit its entry in `movement-interior-styles.ts` and rebuild the client.
+Wing layout (up to 55 works per wing, U-shaped hang, window gap placement with packed-wall **clerestory** fallback) lives in `client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts`. Visit order fills the **left wall** (first work at the entrance), then the **far/end wall**, then the **right** (last work at the entrance). The same hang applies to artist halls and guided tours. Hall lighting is **shared** (no per-painting spotlights) so `MeshStandardMaterial` walls stay within WebGL light limits — see [basics.md](basics.md) § Shared 3D behaviour. To change a movement’s look, edit its entry in `movement-interior-styles.ts` and rebuild the client.
 
 ## Historical event markers (frontend timeline)
 
diff --git a/client/src/components/GalleryWindows.tsx b/client/src/components/GalleryWindows.tsx
index d05e1ac..a5a20e1 100644
--- a/client/src/components/GalleryWindows.tsx
+++ b/client/src/components/GalleryWindows.tsx
@@ -173,22 +173,16 @@ function SingleWindow({
         <meshBasicMaterial color="#ffffff" transparent opacity={0.25} toneMapped={false} />
       </mesh>
 
-      {/* Daylight into room */}
+      {/* One fill light per window — keep total scene lights well under WebGL limits. */}
       <spotLight
         position={[0, 0, 0.15]}
         angle={Math.min(1.2, (spec.width / Math.max(spec.height, 0.5)) * 0.55)}
         penumbra={0.95}
-        intensity={spec.lightIntensity}
+        intensity={spec.lightIntensity * Math.PI * 0.85}
         distance={14}
+        decay={0}
         color={spec.lightColor}
       />
-      <pointLight
-        position={[0, 0, 0.25]}
-        intensity={spec.lightIntensity * 0.45}
-        distance={10}
-        color={glassColor}
-        decay={2}
-      />
     </group>
   );
 }
@@ -222,8 +216,9 @@ export function GalleryTrackLights({
 }) {
   const positions = useMemo(() => {
     const pts: [number, number, number][] = [];
-    const cols = Math.max(2, Math.min(5, Math.floor(width / 4)));
-    const rows = Math.max(1, Math.min(3, Math.floor(depth / 6)));
+    // Cap fixtures so MeshStandard hall materials stay within WebGL light limits.
+    const cols = Math.max(2, Math.min(3, Math.floor(width / 5)));
+    const rows = Math.max(1, Math.min(2, Math.floor(depth / 8)));
     for (let c = 0; c < cols; c++) {
       for (let r = 0; r < rows; r++) {
         const x = -width / 2 + (width / (cols + 1)) * (c + 1);
@@ -244,10 +239,11 @@ export function GalleryTrackLights({
           </mesh>
           <spotLight
             position={[0, -0.04, 0]}
-            angle={0.55}
-            penumbra={0.85}
+            angle={0.7}
+            penumbra={0.9}
             intensity={intensity}
-            distance={8}
+            distance={12}
+            decay={0}
             color={color}
           />
         </group>
diff --git a/client/src/components/MovementHallDetails.tsx b/client/src/components/MovementHallDetails.tsx
index 065d3f8..5d0569f 100644
--- a/client/src/components/MovementHallDetails.tsx
+++ b/client/src/components/MovementHallDetails.tsx
@@ -140,49 +140,65 @@ function MedievalDetails({ halfW, halfD }: Pick<Props, 'halfW' | 'halfD'>) {
 }
 
 function NeoclassicalDetails({ halfW, halfD, trim }: Pick<Props, 'halfW' | 'halfD'> & { trim: string }) {
-  const columns = [
-    [-halfW + 0.45, -halfD + 0.6],
-    [halfW - 0.45, -halfD + 0.6],
-    [-halfW + 0.45, halfD - 0.6],
-    [halfW - 0.45, halfD - 0.6],
-  ] as [number, number][];
+  // Shallow engaged corner pilasters only. Freestanding columns (~0.5m into the
+  // room) overlap the outermost frames — hang margin is only ~0.7m from each end.
+  const pilasters = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      [
+        [-halfW + 0.06, -halfD + 0.06],
+        [halfW - 0.06, -halfD + 0.06],
+        [-halfW + 0.06, halfD - 0.06],
+        [halfW - 0.06, halfD - 0.06],
+      ] as [number, number][],
+    [halfW, halfD]
+  );
 
   return (
     <group>
-      {columns.map(([x, z], i) => (
+      {pilasters.map(([x, z], i) => (
         <group key={i} position={[x, 0, z]}>
           <mesh position={[0, 1.85, 0]}>
-            <cylinderGeometry args={[0.18, 0.2, 3.7, 12]} />
+            <boxGeometry args={[0.12, 3.7, 0.12]} />
             <meshStandardMaterial color="#f0ece8" roughness={0.72} metalness={0.12} />
           </mesh>
-          <mesh position={[0, 3.85, 0]}>
-            <boxGeometry args={[0.42, 0.12, 0.42]} />
+          <mesh position={[0, 3.78, 0]}>
+            <boxGeometry args={[0.18, 0.1, 0.18]} />
             <meshStandardMaterial color={trim} roughness={0.4} metalness={0.35} />
           </mesh>
         </group>
       ))}
-      <mesh position={[0, 3.88, -halfD + 0.12]}>
-        <boxGeometry args={[2.8, 0.14, 0.2]} />
+      {/* Cornice above wall title (title sits ~y 3.75) */}
+      <mesh position={[0, 4.08, -halfD + 0.1]}>
+        <boxGeometry args={[Math.max(2.4, halfW * 2 - 0.5), 0.1, 0.16]} />
         <meshStandardMaterial color={trim} roughness={0.45} metalness={0.3} />
       </mesh>
     </group>
   );
 }
 
-function ClassicalDetails({ halfW, trim }: Pick<Props, 'halfW'> & { trim: string }) {
+function ClassicalDetails({ halfW, halfD, trim }: Pick<Props, 'halfW' | 'halfD'> & { trim: string }) {
+  // Engaged corner shafts only — anything proud of the corner pocket covers frames.
+  const columns = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      [
+        [-halfW + 0.06, -halfD + 0.06],
+        [halfW - 0.06, -halfD + 0.06],
+        [-halfW + 0.06, halfD - 0.06],
+        [halfW - 0.06, halfD - 0.06],
+      ] as [number, number][],
+    [halfW, halfD]
+  );
+
   return (
     <group>
-      {[
-        [-halfW + 0.5, 0],
-        [halfW - 0.5, 0],
-      ].map(([x, z], i) => (
+      {columns.map(([x, z], i) => (
         <group key={i} position={[x, 0, z]}>
           <mesh position={[0, 2, 0]}>
-            <cylinderGeometry args={[0.16, 0.18, 4, 10]} />
+            <cylinderGeometry args={[0.08, 0.09, 4, 10]} />
             <meshStandardMaterial color="#e0d8c8" roughness={0.88} />
           </mesh>
           <mesh position={[0, 4.05, 0]}>
-            <boxGeometry args={[0.36, 0.1, 0.36]} />
+            <boxGeometry args={[0.18, 0.1, 0.18]} />
             <meshStandardMaterial color={trim} roughness={0.5} metalness={0.25} />
           </mesh>
         </group>
@@ -213,7 +229,7 @@ export default function MovementHallDetails({ style, width, depth, halfW, halfD
     case 'neoclassical':
       return <NeoclassicalDetails halfW={halfW} halfD={halfD} trim={trim} />;
     case 'classical':
-      return <ClassicalDetails halfW={halfW} trim={trim} />;
+      return <ClassicalDetails halfW={halfW} halfD={halfD} trim={trim} />;
     case 'salon':
       return <SalonDetails trim={trim} />;
     default:
diff --git a/client/src/components/VirtualGallery.tsx b/client/src/components/VirtualGallery.tsx
index 9f2f0e1..581154a 100644
--- a/client/src/components/VirtualGallery.tsx
+++ b/client/src/components/VirtualGallery.tsx
@@ -844,25 +844,11 @@ function InfluencePictureLamp({
           <meshStandardMaterial
             color="#fff8e0"
             emissive="#ffcc55"
-            emissiveIntensity={1.4 * glow}
+            emissiveIntensity={1.8 * glow}
             toneMapped={false}
           />
         </mesh>
-        <pointLight
-          position={[0, -0.03, 0.05]}
-          intensity={1.8 * glow}
-          distance={4}
-          color="#ffe4a8"
-          decay={2}
-        />
-        <spotLight
-          position={[0, -0.03, 0.05]}
-          angle={0.75}
-          penumbra={0.95}
-          intensity={2.2 * glow}
-          distance={5}
-          color="#fff0c8"
-        />
+        {/* No per-painting lights — too many MeshStandard lights break hall shaders. */}
       </group>
     </group>
   );
@@ -970,17 +956,12 @@ function PaintingFrame({
   const captionY =
     -height / 2 - matBorder - rail - (hasCuratorNotes ? 0.18 : 0.1);
 
+  // Hall lighting is shared (track/ambient). Per-frame spotLights (× dozens of
+  // paintings) exceed WebGL light limits and make MeshStandard walls vanish.
+  const frameEmissiveBoost = hovered ? 0.35 : showCanvas ? 0.08 : 0.12;
+
   return (
     <group position={position} rotation={[0, rotationY, 0]}>
-      <spotLight
-        position={[0, height / 2 + 0.25, 0.3]}
-        angle={0.5}
-        penumbra={0.75}
-        intensity={showCanvas ? (hovered ? 0.9 : 0.55) : hovered ? 2.6 : 1.9}
-        distance={4.5}
-        color={showCanvas ? '#e8dcc8' : '#fff8ee'}
-      />
-
       <mesh
         position={[0, 0, frameDepth / 2]}
         renderOrder={1}
@@ -996,8 +977,8 @@ function PaintingFrame({
           color={finish.color}
           roughness={finish.roughness}
           metalness={finish.metalness}
-          emissive={finish.emissive}
-          emissiveIntensity={finish.emissiveIntensity}
+          emissive={reviewed ? finish.emissive : '#d8c090'}
+          emissiveIntensity={finish.emissiveIntensity + frameEmissiveBoost}
         />
       </mesh>
 
@@ -1441,7 +1422,7 @@ function GalleryFloor({
         normalScale={new THREE.Vector2(texture.normalScale, texture.normalScale)}
         roughness={texture.roughness}
         metalness={texture.metalness}
-        envMapIntensity={0.65}
+        envMapIntensity={0.3}
         color={interiorStyle.tints.floor}
       />
     </mesh>
@@ -1661,18 +1642,21 @@ function ArtistHall({
         )
       ) : null}
 
-      {interiorStyle && computedWindows && computedWindows.length > 0 && (
+      {interiorStyle && (
         <>
-          <GalleryWindows
-            windows={computedWindows}
-            halfW={halfW}
-            halfD={halfD}
-            trimColor={interiorStyle.tints.trim}
-          />
+          {computedWindows && computedWindows.length > 0 && (
+            <GalleryWindows
+              windows={computedWindows}
+              halfW={halfW}
+              halfD={halfD}
+              trimColor={interiorStyle.tints.trim}
+            />
+          )}
+          {/* Always light the hall — do not gate track lights on window gaps. */}
           <GalleryTrackLights
             width={width}
             depth={depth}
-            intensity={interiorStyle.trackLights}
+            intensity={Math.max(1.8, interiorStyle.trackLights * 2.8) * Math.PI}
             color={interiorStyle.warmLight}
           />
         </>
@@ -1750,15 +1734,24 @@ function ArtistHall({
         </group>
       ))}
 
-      <pointLight position={[0, WALL_HEIGHT - 0.4, 0]} intensity={interiorStyle ? interiorStyle.ambient * 1.2 : 0.5} color={warmLight} distance={width + depth} />
-      <pointLight position={[0, WALL_HEIGHT - 0.4, -halfD / 2]} intensity={interiorStyle ? interiorStyle.ambient * 0.85 : 0.35} color={warmLight} distance={Math.max(12, depth * 0.75)} />
-      {depth > 14 && (
-        <pointLight position={[0, WALL_HEIGHT - 0.4, -halfD + 1.2]} intensity={interiorStyle ? interiorStyle.ambient * 0.7 : 0.3} color={warmLight} distance={14} />
-      )}
+      <pointLight
+        position={[0, WALL_HEIGHT - 0.4, 0]}
+        intensity={(interiorStyle ? Math.max(1.0, interiorStyle.ambient * 1.8) : 0.7) * Math.PI}
+        distance={width + depth}
+        decay={0}
+        color={warmLight}
+      />
+      <pointLight
+        position={[0, WALL_HEIGHT - 0.4, -halfD / 2]}
+        intensity={(interiorStyle ? Math.max(0.7, interiorStyle.ambient * 1.2) : 0.5) * Math.PI}
+        distance={Math.max(12, depth * 0.75)}
+        decay={0}
+        color={warmLight}
+      />
       {interiorStyle && (
         <directionalLight
           position={[0, 6, -halfD - 2]}
-          intensity={interiorStyle.ambient * 0.9}
+          intensity={Math.max(0.55, interiorStyle.ambient * 0.85) * Math.PI}
           color={interiorStyle.sunLight}
         />
       )}
@@ -2043,6 +2036,10 @@ export default function VirtualGallery(props: Props) {
 
   const handleCanvasCreated = useCallback((state: { gl: THREE.WebGLRenderer }) => {
     const canvas = state.gl.domElement;
+    // Physically correct lights (three r155+) need higher exposure so stone/dark
+    // period halls stay readable without HDR IBL.
+    state.gl.toneMapping = THREE.ACESFilmicToneMapping;
+    state.gl.toneMappingExposure = 1.25;
     // A freshly created canvas has a healthy context, so clear any lingering
     // "restoring" state from a previous loss/remount.
     setGlLost(false);
@@ -2432,7 +2429,9 @@ export default function VirtualGallery(props: Props) {
 
   const sceneBackground = interiorStyle?.background ?? '#0d0906';
   const sceneFog = interiorStyle?.fog ?? '#0d0906';
-  const ambientIntensity = interiorStyle?.ambient ?? 0.42;
+  // Floor ambient so dark period styles (Gothic, Byzantine) stay readable without HDR IBL.
+  // three r155+ physical lights need ~π× legacy intensity for similar brightness.
+  const ambientIntensity = Math.max(0.85, interiorStyle?.ambient ?? 0.55) * Math.PI;
 
   const handleCanvasPointerDown = (e: React.PointerEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
     if (!active || showExitNav || e.button !== 0) return;
@@ -2539,13 +2538,34 @@ export default function VirtualGallery(props: Props) {
         >
           <FrameloopSync active={active} />
           <color attach="background" args={[sceneBackground]} />
-          <fog attach="fog" args={[sceneFog, 18, fogFar]} />
+          <fog
+            attach="fog"
+            args={[sceneFog, Math.max(45, layout.depth * 1.15), Math.max(fogFar, layout.depth + 55)]}
+          />
           <ambientLight intensity={ambientIntensity} />
+          <hemisphereLight
+            color={interiorStyle?.warmLight ?? '#fff8f0'}
+            groundColor={sceneFog}
+            intensity={0.55 * Math.PI}
+          />
           <directionalLight
             position={interiorStyle ? [2, 10, -4] : [3, 9, 4]}
-            intensity={interiorStyle ? 0.85 : 0.65}
+            intensity={(interiorStyle ? 1.4 : 0.9) * Math.PI}
             color={interiorStyle?.sunLight ?? '#fff8f0'}
           />
+          <directionalLight
+            position={[-4, 6, 5]}
+            intensity={0.55 * Math.PI}
+            color={interiorStyle?.warmLight ?? '#fff5e8'}
+          />
+          {/* Guaranteed fill so walls never disappear if HDR Environment fails. */}
+          <pointLight
+            position={[0, 3.2, 0]}
+            intensity={2.2 * Math.PI}
+            distance={40}
+            decay={0}
+            color={interiorStyle?.warmLight ?? '#fff5e8'}
+          />
           <SceneErrorBoundary
             key={`env-${hallKey}-${glEpoch}`}
             fallback={null}
@@ -2553,7 +2573,7 @@ export default function VirtualGallery(props: Props) {
             <Suspense fallback={null}>
               <Environment
                 preset={interiorStyle?.details === 'modern' || interiorStyle?.details === 'industrial' ? 'city' : 'warehouse'}
-                environmentIntensity={interiorStyle ? 0.35 : 0.15}
+                environmentIntensity={interiorStyle ? 0.55 : 0.25}
               />
             </Suspense>
           </SceneErrorBoundary>
diff --git a/client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts b/client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts
index e57b3bc..a3b09af 100644
--- a/client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts
+++ b/client/src/data/movement-interior-styles.ts
@@ -144,17 +144,19 @@ const BY_MOVEMENT_ID: Record<number, MovementInteriorStyle> = {
     {
       details: 'medieval',
       titleColor: '#e8dcc8',
-      ambient: 0.52,
+      ambient: 0.72,
       warmLight: '#e8d8c0',
       sunLight: '#d0e8ff',
-      fog: '#0c0c10',
+      // Keep atmosphere dark, but not pure void (walls must stay readable).
+      fog: '#1a1816',
+      background: '#141210',
       windows: windows(
         { wall: 'back', x: -2, y: 2.8, width: 0.8, height: 2.8, style: 'gothic-lancet', lightColor: '#c8e0ff', lightIntensity: 3.5 },
         { wall: 'back', x: 2, y: 2.8, width: 0.8, height: 2.8, style: 'gothic-lancet', lightColor: '#c8e0ff', lightIntensity: 3.5 },
         { wall: 'left', x: 0, y: 3.0, width: 0.9, height: 2.6, style: 'gothic-lancet', lightColor: '#c8e0ff', lightIntensity: 2.8 },
         { wall: 'right', x: 0, y: 3.0, width: 0.9, height: 2.6, style: 'gothic-lancet', lightColor: '#c8e0ff', lightIntensity: 2.8 }
       ),
-      trackLights: 0.3,
+      trackLights: 0.85,
     }
   ),
   30: mk(
diff --git a/client/src/hooks/useTexturedMaterial.ts b/client/src/hooks/useTexturedMaterial.ts
index f6349af..addb385 100644
--- a/client/src/hooks/useTexturedMaterial.ts
+++ b/client/src/hooks/useTexturedMaterial.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ export function useTexturedMaterial(
       color: tint,
       roughness: surf.roughness,
       metalness: surf.metalness,
-      envMapIntensity: kind.startsWith('painted-') ? 0.45 : 0.65,
+      // Keep walls readable without HDR Environment IBL (CDN may be slow/offline).
+      envMapIntensity: kind.startsWith('painted-') ? 0.2 : 0.3,
     });
   }, [kind, tint, spanW, spanH]);
 
diff --git a/client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts b/client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts
index 62d50d8..5e3350c 100644
--- a/client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts
+++ b/client/src/utils/galleryProceduralTextures.ts
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ function imageDataToNormalMap(data: ImageData, size: number, strength = 2.5): Im
   return out;
 }
 
-function imageDataToTexture(data: ImageData): THREE.CanvasTexture {
+function imageDataToTexture(data: ImageData, colorSpace: THREE.ColorSpace): THREE.CanvasTexture {
   const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
   canvas.width = data.width;
   canvas.height = data.height;
@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ function imageDataToTexture(data: ImageData): THREE.CanvasTexture {
   const tex = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);
   tex.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
   tex.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
-  tex.colorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;
-  tex.anisotropy = 16;
+  tex.colorSpace = colorSpace;
+  tex.anisotropy = 8;
   return tex;
 }
 
@@ -686,8 +686,9 @@ export function getSurfaceTexture(kind: SurfaceTextureKind): SurfaceTextureSet {
   const normalData = imageDataToNormalMap(colorData, TEXTURE_SIZE, normalStrengthFor(kind));
 
   const set: SurfaceTextureSet = {
-    map: imageDataToTexture(colorData),
-    normalMap: imageDataToTexture(normalData),
+    map: imageDataToTexture(colorData, THREE.SRGBColorSpace),
+    // Normal maps must stay linear — sRGB encoding breaks lighting on walls.
+    normalMap: imageDataToTexture(normalData, THREE.NoColorSpace),
     roughness: ROUGHNESS[kind] ?? 0.75,
     metalness: METALNESS[kind] ?? 0.04,
     metersPerRepeat: METERS[kind] ?? 2.8,
diff --git a/client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts b/client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts
index ca90ea0..2245673 100644
--- a/client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts
+++ b/client/src/utils/movementHallLayout.ts
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ function windowTemplate(style: MovementInteriorStyle): Pick<GalleryWindowSpec, '
   return { style: 'sash', lightColor: style.warmLight, lightIntensity: 2.8, width: 1.4, height: 1.4 };
 }
 
-/** Place windows on side walls only, in gaps between painting frames. */
+/** Place windows on side walls in gaps between frames; fall back to high clerestory when packed. */
 export function computeSideWallWindows(
   layout: MovementHallLayout,
   interiorStyle: MovementInteriorStyle
@@ -364,6 +364,25 @@ export function computeSideWallWindows(
         lightIntensity: tmpl.lightIntensity,
       });
     }
+
+    // Packed walls: still add high clerestory windows so the hall gets daylight + style.
+    if (!specs.some((s) => s.wall === side)) {
+      const span = Math.max(2.4, halfD * 1.2);
+      const count = span > 8 ? 2 : 1;
+      for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        const t = count === 1 ? 0 : (i === 0 ? -0.35 : 0.35);
+        specs.push({
+          wall: side,
+          x: halfD * t,
+          y: 3.45,
+          width: Math.min(tmpl.width, 1.15),
+          height: Math.min(tmpl.height, 1.05),
+          style: tmpl.style,
+          lightColor: tmpl.lightColor,
+          lightIntensity: tmpl.lightIntensity * 0.85,
+        });
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   return specs;